ArticleCell reports. Medicine2021
Asymptomatic and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections elicit polyfunctional antibodies.
Article in Cell reports. Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of an aerosolized or intramuscular adenovirus type 5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine on Fc-mediated immune effector functions in a hybrid immunity population.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity response to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2021Trial
- Article
- Antibody repertoire associated with clinically diverse presentations of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Evaluating varicella-zoster virus vaccine immunogenicity through Fc-mediated antibody functions: the roles of ADCP and ADCC.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Viral clearance and escape during therapy of COVID-19 outpatients: A prospective cohort study.iScience · 2025Article
- CoronaVac-induced antibodies that facilitate Fc-mediated neutrophil phagocytosis track with COVID-19 disease resolution.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Non-neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein mediate variant transcendent antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Article
- Age-associated defect in ADCC response to COVID-19 vaccine.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Article
- A longitudinal assessment of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in the New Mexican population.PloS one · 2025Article
- Levels and functionality of Pacific Islanders' hybrid humoral immune response to BNT162b2 vaccination and delta/omicron infection: A cohort study in New Caledonia.PLoS medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Overcoming antibody-resistant SARS-CoV-2 variants with bispecific antibodies constructed using non-neutralizing antibodies.iScience · 2024Article
- Article
- Control of complement-induced inflammatory responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection by anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.The EMBO journal · 2024Article
- Article
- Non-neutralizing functions in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies.Biomedical journal · 2024Review
- IgM N-glycosylation correlates with COVID-19 severity and rate of complement deposition.Nature communications · 2024Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals remain asymptomatic. Little is known about the extent and quality of their antiviral humoral response. Here, we analyze antibody functions in 52 asymptomatic infected individuals, 119 mildly symptomatic, and 21 hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We measure anti-spike immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, and IgM levels with the S-Flow assay and map IgG-targeted epitopes with a Luminex assay. We also evaluate neutralization, complement deposition, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) using replication-competent SARS-CoV-2 or reporter cell systems. We show that COVID-19 sera mediate complement deposition and kill infected cells by ADCC. Sera from asymptomatic individuals neutralize the virus, activate ADCC, and trigger complement deposition. Antibody levels and functions are lower in asymptomatic individuals than they are in symptomatic cases. Antibody functions are correlated, regardless of disease severity. Longitudinal samplings show that antibody functions follow similar kinetics of induction and contraction. Overall, asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection elicits polyfunctional antibodies neutralizing the virus and targeting infected cells.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.