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ArticleJHEP reports : innovation in hepatology2021

Treatment of NAFLD with intermittent calorie restriction or low-carb high-fat diet - a randomised controlled trial.

Magnus Holmer, Catarina Lindqvist, Sven Petersson, John Moshtaghi-Svensson, Veronika Tillander, Torkel B Brismar, Hannes Hagström, Per Stål

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 115 papers, 15 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
115citing papers in PubMed, 15 pooled it
23.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03118310 phase2completednot on this map

Treatment of NAFLD With Two Different Diets

TypeinterventionalSponsorKarolinska University HospitalRan2017 to 2020Enrolled74ConditionsNAFLDArms5:2 diet, LCHF, Placebo diet
NCT05309642 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Effect of 12-week Intermittent Calorie Restriction on Liver Fat Content in Comparison With Standard-of-care in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: a Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorEwha Womans University Mokdong HospitalRan2022 to 2023Enrolled72ConditionsNonalcoholic Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic SteatohepatitisArmsIntermittent calorie restriction, Standard of care
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

115 citing papers in PubMed, 15 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 212 citations in OpenAlex.

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55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Magnus HolmerDivision of Hepatology, Department of Upper GI, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Catarina LindqvistMedical Unit Clinical Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Sven PeterssonDepartment of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology at Karolinska Institutet, Division of Medical Imaging and Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
John Moshtaghi-SvenssonGodjy AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
Veronika TillanderDivision of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Torkel B BrismarDepartment of Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Hannes HagströmDivision of Hepatology, Department of Upper GI, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Per StålDivision of Hepatology, Department of Upper GI, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Karolinska Institutet · SEKarolinska University Hospital · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND &

aimsThe first-line treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is weight reduction. Several diets have been proposed, with various effects specifically on liver steatosis. This trial compared the effects of intermittent calorie restriction (the 5:2 diet) and a low-carb high-fat diet (LCHF) on reduction of hepatic steatosis.

methodsWe conducted an open-label randomised controlled trial that included 74 patients with NAFLD randomised in a 1:1:1 ratio to 12 weeks' treatment with either a LCHF or 5:2 diet, or general lifestyle advice from a hepatologist (standard of care; SoC). The primary outcome was reduction of hepatic steatosis as measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Secondary outcomes included transient elastography, insulin resistance, blood lipids, and anthropometrics.

resultsThe LCHF and 5:2 diets were both superior to SoC treatment in reducing steatosis (absolute reduction: LCHF: -7.2% [95% CI = -9.3 to -5.1], 5:2: -6.1% [95% CI = -8.1 to -4.2], SoC: -3.6% [95% CI = -5.8 to -1.5]) and body weight (LCHF: -7.3 kg [95% CI = -9.6 to -5.0]; 5:2: -7.4 kg [95% CI = -8.7 to -6.0]; SoC: -2.5 kg [95% CI =-3.5 to -1.5]. There was no difference between 5:2 and LCHF (

conclusionsThe LCHF and 5:2 diets were more effective in reducing steatosis and body weight in patients with NAFLD than SoC, suggesting dietary advice can be tailored to meet individual preferences. LAY SUMMARY: For a person with obesity who suffers from fatty liver, weight loss through diet can be an effective treatment to improve the condition of the liver. Many popular diets that are recommended for weight reduction, such as high-fat diets and diets based on intermittent fasting, have not had their effects on the liver directly evaluated. This study shows that both a low-carb high-fat and the 5:2 diet are effective in treating fatty liver caused by obesity. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: This study is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03118310).

Indexed as

5:2 dietALA, α-linolenic acidALT, alanine aminotransferaseCAP, controlled attenuation parameterCT, computed tomographyDiet treatmentE%, energy percentEoT, end of treatmentHOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistanceICR, intermittent calorie restrictionIntermittent calorie restrictionIR, insulin resistanceITT, intention-to-treat analysisLCHF, low-carb high-fat dietLow-carb-high fat (LCHF)low-CHO, low-carbohydrate dietMRS, magnetic resonance spectroscopyMUFA, monounsaturated fatty acidsNAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseNASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitisNNR, Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012ObesityOGTT, oral glucose tolerance testPP, per protocol analysisPUFAs, polyunsaturated fatty acidsSFAs, saturated fatty acidsSoC, standard of careT2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitusWHR, waist-to-hip ratio

Identifiers

PMID33898960
PMCPMC8059083
OpenAlexW3132065951

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.