Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33898870›Full record

ArticleBioactive materials2021

Three-dimensional-printed individualized porous implants: A new "implant-bone" interface fusion concept for large bone defect treatment.

Teng Zhang, Qingguang Wei, Hua Zhou, Zehao Jing, Xiaoguang Liu, Yufeng Zheng, Hong Cai, Feng Wei, Liang Jiang, Miao Yu and 10 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bioactive materials, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
55citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
5.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

55 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  10. [Preparation andZhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Teng ZhangDepartment of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
Qingguang WeiDepartment of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
Hua ZhouDepartment of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
Zehao JingDepartment of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
Xiaoguang LiuDepartment of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
Yufeng ZhengDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China.
Hong CaiDepartment of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
Feng WeiDepartment of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
Liang JiangDepartment of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
Miao YuDepartment of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
Yan ChengDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China.
Daoyang FanDepartment of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
Wenhao ZhouShanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Xi'an, 710016, People's Republic of China.
Xinhong LinDepartment of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
Huijie LengDepartment of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
Jian LiBeijing AKEC Medical Company Ltd., Beijing, 102200, People's Republic of China.
Xinyu LiBeijing AKEC Medical Company Ltd., Beijing, 102200, People's Republic of China.
Caimei WangBeijing AKEC Medical Company Ltd., Beijing, 102200, People's Republic of China.
Yun TianDepartment of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
Zhongjun LiuDepartment of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
Peking University · CNNorthwest Institute For Non-Ferrous Metal Research · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bone defect repairs are based on bone graft fusion or replacement. Current large bone defect treatments are inadequate and lack of reliable technology. Therefore, we aimed to investigate a simple technique using three-dimensional (3D)-printed individualized porous implants without any bone grafts, osteoinductive agents, or surface biofunctionalization to treat large bone defects, and systematically study its long-term therapeutic effects and osseointegration characteristics. Twenty-six patients with large bone defects caused by tumor, infection, or trauma received treatment with individualized porous implants; among them, three typical cases underwent a detailed study. Additionally, a large segmental femur defect sheep model was used to study the osseointegration characteristics. Immediate and long-term biomechanical stability was achieved, and the animal study revealed that the bone grew into the pores with gradual remodeling, resulting in a long-term mechanically stable implant-bone complex. Advantages of 3D-printed microporous implants for the repair of bone defects included 1) that the stabilization devices were immediately designed and constructed to achieve early postoperative mobility, and 2) that osseointegration between the host bone and implants was achieved without bone grafting. Our osseointegration method, in which the "implant-bone" interface fusion concept was used instead of "bone-bone" fusion, subverts the traditional idea of osseointegration.

Indexed as

3D, three-dimensionalBVF, bone volume fractionCAD, computer-aided designEBM, electron beam meltingFEA, finite element analysis“Implant-bone” interface fusionLarge bone defect treatmentmicro-CT, micro-computed tomographyOsseointegrationThree-dimensional-printed porous implants

Identifiers

PMID33898870
PMCPMC8056181
OpenAlexW3157367589

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.