SynthesisFrontiers in immunology
Breastfeeding and COVID-19: From Nutrition to Immunity.
Synthesis in Frontiers in immunology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Macronutrients, Micronutrients, and Malnutrition: Effects of Nutrition on Immune Function in Infants and Young Children.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Breastfeeding experiences of COVID-19 survivor multipara mothers during pre- and post-COVID-19: a comparative phenomenological study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Dynamic Changes in Antibodies and Proteome in Breast Milk of Mothers Infected with Wild-Type SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron: A Longitudinal Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
- The Legacy of COVID-19 in Breast Milk: The Association of Elevated Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Proteins with Vaccination or Infection.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Lactoferrin Supplementation in Preventing and Protecting from SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Is There Any Role in General and Special Populations? An Updated Review of Literature.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Challenges of breastfeeding during COVID-19 and baby friendly protocols adopted at a maternity health center in the northern Emirates of UAE: a comprehensive review.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Review
- Article
- Investigating the mode of transmission of COVID-19 through genital secretions, semen, the birth canal, and lactation: A systematic review.Journal of education and health promotion · 2024Article
- Practice recommendations regarding parental presence in NICUs during pandemics caused by respiratory pathogens like COVID-19.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Milk antibody response after 3iScience · 2023Article
- Levels of Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Mothers and Neonates after Vaccination during Pregnancy.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Encouraging and Reinforcing Safe Breastfeeding Practices during the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Role of micronutrients in the modulation of immune system and platelet activating factor in patients with COVID-19; a narrative review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Review
- Breastfeeding vs. breast milk transmission during COVID-19 pandemic, which is more important?Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- Exploring the Association between Socioeconomic and Psychological Factors and Breastfeeding in the First Year of Life during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Thailand.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Milk antibody response after 3rd dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection and implications for infant protection.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2022Article
- The Gut Microbiome of Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases guidance for clinical practice of adult inflammatory bowel disease during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: expert consensus statements.Intestinal research · 2022Article
- Antibodies in the breastmilk of COVID-19 recovered women.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breastfeeding not only provides the optimum source of nutrients for the neonate and its first strong shield against infection but also lays the foundation for somatic and psychological bonding between the mother and child. During the current COVID-19 pandemic, although the guidelines of the relevant international and national agencies recommend breastfeeding by SARS-CoV-2-infected mothers, considerable insecurity persists in daily clinical practice regarding the safety of the infants and the perceived advantages and disadvantages of discontinuation of breastfeeding. This is a systematic review of the currently available information regarding the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 through or while breastfeeding and the protection against infection that breast milk might provide. The accumulated body of knowledge regarding the role of breast milk in the development of the neonatal immune system and protection against infection by other respiratory viruses is discussed, with a focus on the anti-inflammatory role of the antibodies, microbes, and viruses provided to the infant in breast milk and its relevance to the case of SARS-CoV-2.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.