ArticleFrontiers in physiology2021
Assessments of Heart Rate and Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Activities of Normal Mouse Fetuses at Different Stages of Fetal Development Using Fetal Electrocardiography.
Article in Frontiers in physiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Review on the Vagus Nerve and Autonomic Nervous System During Fetal Development: Searching for Critical Windows.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- Smelling Wellness: Associations Between Botanic Garden Scentscapes and Human Health Gains.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Trial
- Angiotensinogen and its relationship with blood pressure in young adults: the African-PREDICT study.Journal of human hypertension · 2026Article
- Article
- Brain‑heart axis: Neurostimulation techniques in ischemic heart disease (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Advanced Predictive Analytics for Fetal Heart Rate Variability Using Digital Twin Integration.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Development of autonomic innervation at the venous pole of the heart: bridging the gap from mice to human.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Investigating the role of maternal heart rate variability in the onset of labor.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Autonomic neurotransmission in cardiovascular regulation and pathophysiology.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- A Correlative Relationship Between Heart Failure and Cognitive Impairment: A Narrative Review.Journal of Korean medical science · 2023Review
- Comparison of the cardiovascular effects of immobilization with three different drug combinations in free-ranging African lions.Conservation physiology · 2023Article
- Correlation between maternal and fetal heart rate increases with fetal mouse age in typical development and is disturbed in autism mouse model treated with valproic acid.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
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Abstract
Heart rate is controlled by the activity of the autonomic nervous system: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems increase and suppress heart rate, respectively. To evaluate the activity of the autonomic nervous system, it is possible to determine heart rate variability using electrocardiography (ECG). During the fetal period, the heart and autonomic nerves develop in coordination; however, physiological changes, including autonomic nervous activities that occur during the fetal stage, remain largely unknown. Therefore, in this study, we measured ECG signals of mouse fetuses using our established method to evaluate the development of heart rate and autonomic nervous activity at different fetal developmental stages. We found that heart rate was significantly increased in fetal mice at embryonic day (E) 18.5 compared with that at E13.5, E15.5, and E17.5, indicating that fetal heart rate increases only at the stage immediately prior to birth. Interestingly, fetal parasympathetic nervous activity was reduced at E17.5 and E18.5 compared with that at E13.5, whereas fetal sympathetic nervous activity remained unchanged, at least from E13.5 to E18.5. These results indicate that parasympathetic activity rather than sympathetic activity affects fetal heart rate and that the decrease in parasympathetic activity toward the end of pregnancy could result in the observed increase in fetal heart rate.
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