ArticlePhysics of fluids (Woodbury, N.Y. : 1994)2021
The novel Mechanical Ventilator Milano for the COVID-19 pandemic.
Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Physics of fluids (Woodbury, N.Y. : 1994), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
9.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Multiple Emergency Ventilator as backup solution for disaster situations: prototype development and functional assessment.Medical & biological engineering & computing · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Intensifies Cerebrovascular Complications in Diabetic hACE2 Mice through RAAS and TLR Signaling Activation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Guidelines for the development of a critical software under emergency.Information and software technology · 2022Article
- Sputum deposition classification for mechanically ventilated patients using LSTM method based on airflow signals.Heliyon · 2022Article
- Robust, maintainable, emergency invasive mechanical ventilator.Revista Brasileira de terapia intensiva · 2022Article
- Article
- A Multiple Emergency Ventilator as Backup Solution in Pandemic: A Specifically Designed and Dimensioned Device.IEEE open journal of engineering in medicine and biology · 2022Article
- The MVM ventilator and 3DEuropean physical journal plus · 2022Article
- Repurposing CPAP machines as stripped-down ventilators.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
236 authors at 20 institutions in 13 countries.
A AbbaNuclear Instruments S.R.L., Como 22045, Italy.
C AccorsiElemaster Group S.p.A., Lomagna (LC) 23871, Italy.
P AgnesDepartment of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-1251
E AlessiIstituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, ISTP-CNR, Milano 20125, Italy.
P AmaudruzTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1810-3190
A AnnoviINFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy.
F Ardellier DesagesAPC, Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France.
S BackSNOLAB, Lively, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada.
C BadiaGran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila 67100, Italy.
J BaggerTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-9520
V BasileIstituto di Sistemi e Tecnologie Industriali Intelligenti per il Manifatturiero Avanzato, CNR STIIMA, Milano 20133, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7617-3368
G Batignani
A BayoLSC, Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc, Canfranc-Estación 22880, Spain.
B BellJMP Solutions, London, Ontario N6N 1E2, Canada.
D BiaginiDipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy.
G BianchiIstituto di Sistemi e Tecnologie Industriali Intelligenti per il Manifatturiero Avanzato, CNR STIIMA, Milano 20133, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4330-9468
S BicelliCamozzi Group S.p.A., Brescia BS 25126, Italy.
D BishopTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
T BoccaliINFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9930-9299
A BombardaDipartimento di Ingegneria Gestionale, dell'Informazione e della Produzione, Università di Bergamo, Bergamo, 24129, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4244-9319
S BonfantiDipartimento di Ingegneria Gestionale, dell'Informazione e della Produzione, Università di Bergamo, Bergamo, 24129, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9679-4551
W M BoniventoINFN Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6764-6787
M BouchardCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
M BreviarioElemaster Group S.p.A., Lomagna (LC) 23871, Italy.
S BriceFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA.
R BrownCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
J M Calvo-MozotaLSC, Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc, Canfranc-Estación 22880, Spain.
L CamozziCamozzi Group S.p.A., Brescia BS 25126, Italy.
M CamozziCamozzi Group S.p.A., Brescia BS 25126, Italy.
A CapraTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9499-0380
M CaravatiINFN Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy.
M CarliniGran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila 67100, Italy.
A CeccantiINFN-CNAF, Bologna 40127, Italy.
B CelanoINFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy.
J M Cela RuizCIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Madrid 28040, Spain.
C CharetteCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
G CogliatiElemaster Group S.p.A., Lomagna (LC) 23871, Italy.
M ConstableTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
C CrippaElemaster Group S.p.A., Lomagna (LC) 23871, Italy.
G CrociDipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy.
S CudmoreCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
C E Dahl
A Dal MolinDipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0471-1718
M DaleyCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
C Di GuardoDipartimento di Scienze Economiche ed Aziendali, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9717-2487
G D'AvenioNational Center for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, ISS (Italy National Institute of Health), Roma 00161, Italy.
O DavignonLaboratoire Leprince Ringuet, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, Cedex 91128, France.
M Del TuttoFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1588-7025
J De RuiterCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
A DevotoDipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy.
P Diaz Gomez MaqueoCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6946-5602
F Di FrancescoDipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9285-1595
M DossiElemaster Group S.p.A., Lomagna (LC) 23871, Italy.
E DruszkiewiczDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA.
C DumaINFN-CNAF, Bologna 40127, Italy.
E ElliottCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
D FarinaIstituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, ISTP-CNR, Milano 20125, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0795-3632
C FernandesVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
G FinocchiaroElemaster Group S.p.A., Lomagna (LC) 23871, Italy.
R FordSNOLAB, Lively, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1688-2717
G Foti
R D FournierExida Canada Ltd., Mississauga, Ontario L5G 2B6, Canada.
D FrancoAPC, Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5604-2531
C FricbergsVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
F GabrieleINFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9888-9175
C Galbiati
P Garcia AbiaCIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Madrid 28040, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8809-8927
A GargantiniDipartimento di Ingegneria Gestionale, dell'Informazione e della Produzione, Università di Bergamo, Bergamo, 24129, Italy.
L GiacomelliIstituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, ISTP-CNR, Milano 20125, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3230-969X
F GiacominiINFN-CNAF, Bologna 40127, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3129-2814
F GiacominiCamozzi Group S.p.A., Brescia BS 25126, Italy.
L S GiarratanaPoliclinico San Pietro, Ponte San Pietro 24036, Italy.
S GillespieTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
D GiorgiCamozzi Group S.p.A., Brescia BS 25126, Italy.
T GirmaVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
R GobuiVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
D Goeldi
F GolfDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68508, USA.
P GorelSNOLAB, Lively, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada.
G GoriniDipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4673-0901
E GramelliniFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA.
G GrossoIstituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, ISTP-CNR, Milano 20125, Italy.
F GuesciniMax-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), 80805 München, Germany.
E GuetreTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
G HackmanTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
T HaddenCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
W HawkinsVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
K HayashiTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
A HeaveyFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA.
G HersakCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
N HesseyTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
G HockinJMP Solutions, London, Ontario N6N 1E2, Canada.
K HudsonVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
A IanniPhysics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.
C IenziCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
V IppolitoINFN Sezione di Roma, Roma 00185, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5126-1620
C C JamesFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA.
C JillingsSNOLAB, Lively, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada.
C KendzioraFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA.
S KhanVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
E KimCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
M KingCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
S KingJMP Solutions, London, Ontario N6N 1E2, Canada.
A KittmerCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
I KochanekINFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy.
J KowalkowskiFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA.
M KushoroDipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2859-8345
S KuulaSNOLAB, Lively, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada.
M Laclaustra
G LeblondCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
L LeeDepartment of APT, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V5Z 1M9, Canada.
A LennarzTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
M LeytonINFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0727-8107
X LiPhysics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3133-3660
P LiimatainenSNOLAB, Lively, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada.
C LimTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
T LindnerTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
T LomonacoDipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1822-7399
P LuTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
R LubnaTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
G A LukhaninFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA.
G LuzónCAPA (Centro de Astropartículas y Física de Altas Energías), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5352-1884
M MacDonaldCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
G MagniElemaster Group S.p.A., Lomagna (LC) 23871, Italy.
R MaharajTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
S ManniTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
C MapelliDipartimento di Meccanica, Politecnico di Milano, Milano 20156, Italy.
P MargetakTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
L MartinTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9163-8477
S MartinVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
M Martínez
N MassacretTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
P McClurgDepartment of Respiratory and Anaesthesia Technology, Vanier College, Montréal, Quebec H4L 3X9, Canada.
A B McDonald
E MeazziElemaster Group S.p.A., Lomagna (LC) 23871, Italy.
R MigallaVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
T MohayaiFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0578-752X
L M TosattiIstituto di Sistemi e Tecnologie Industriali Intelligenti per il Manifatturiero Avanzato, CNR STIIMA, Milano 20133, Italy.
G MonzaniElemaster Group S.p.A., Lomagna (LC) 23871, Italy.
C MorettiDipartimento di Pediatria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma 00185, Italy.
B MorrisonVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
M MountaniolVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
A MuraroIstituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, ISTP-CNR, Milano 20125, Italy.
P NapoliElemaster Group S.p.A., Lomagna (LC) 23871, Italy.
F NatiDipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8307-5088
C R NatzkeTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5548-7985
A J Noble
A NorrickFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA.
K OlchanskiTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
A Ortiz de SolorzanoCAPA (Centro de Astropartículas y Física de Altas Energías), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.
F PadulaSchool of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth (Washington), Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0013-9526
M PallaviciniORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7309-3023
I PalumboAzienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo, Monza 20900, Italy.
E PanontinDipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1309-0055
N PapiniElemaster Group S.p.A., Lomagna (LC) 23871, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3441-5215
L ParmeggianoSergio Installazioni snc, Treviglio (BG) 24047, Italy.
S ParmeggianoINFN Sezione di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy.
K PatelVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
A PatelVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
M PaternoFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA.
C PellegrinoINFN Sezione di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy.
P Pelliccione
V Pesudo
A PocarAmherst Center for Fundamental Interactions and Physics Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
A PopeJMP Solutions, London, Ontario N6N 1E2, Canada.
S PordesFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2934-9148
F PrelzINFN Sezione di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1344-2716
O PutignanoDipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy.
J L RaafFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4533-929X
C RattiElemaster Group S.p.A., Lomagna (LC) 23871, Italy.
M RazetiINFN Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy.
A RazetoINFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy.
D ReedEquilibar L.L.C., Fletcher, North Carolina 28732, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5719-7823
J RefsgaardTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
T ReillyVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
A RenshawDepartment of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2913-8057
F RetriereTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
E RiccobeneDipartimento di Informatica, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20122, Italy.
D RigamontiIstituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, ISTP-CNR, Milano 20125, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0183-0965
A Rizzi
J RomualdezPhysics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.
L RusselJMP Solutions, London, Ontario N6N 1E2, Canada.
D SabloneINFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy.
S SalaElemaster Group S.p.A., Lomagna (LC) 23871, Italy.
D SalomoniINFN-CNAF, Bologna 40127, Italy.
P SalvoIstituto di Fisiologia Clinica del CNR, IFC-CNR, Pisa 56124, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3866-2993
A SandovalVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
E SansoucyCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
R SantorelliCIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Madrid 28040, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0012-2644
C SavaresePhysics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6669-5728
E ScapparoneINFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy.
T SchaubelCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
S ScorzaSNOLAB, Lively, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada.
M SettimoSUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Université de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes 44300, France.
B ShawTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
S ShawyerJMP Solutions, London, Ontario N6N 1E2, Canada.
A SherTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
A ShiCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
P Skensved
A SlutskySt. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.
B SmithTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
N J T SmithSNOLAB, Lively, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2990-7998
A Stenzler12th Man Technologies, Garden Grove, California 92841, USA.
C StraubelCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
P StringariMINES ParisTech, PSL University, CTP-Centre of Thermodynamics of Processes, 77300 Fontainebleau, France.
M SuchenekAstroCeNT, Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 00-614, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1865-2894
B SurCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
S TacchinoSNOLAB, Lively, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7371-8561
L TakeuchiDepartment of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
M TardocchiIstituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, ISTP-CNR, Milano 20125, Italy.
R TartagliaINFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy.
E ThomasArthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Research Institute, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0657-3315
D TraskCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
J TsengDepartment of Physics, University of Oxford, The Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1731-5853
L TsengVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
L VanPageeJMP Solutions, London, Ontario N6N 1E2, Canada.
V VediaTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
B VelgheTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
A VisioliDipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Industriale, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy.
L VivianiElemaster Group S.p.A., Lomagna (LC) 23871, Italy.
D VonicaVEXOS, Markham, Ontario L3R 9X6, Canada.
M WadaAstroCeNT, Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 00-614, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6414-6944
D WalterTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
H WangPhysics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
M H L S WangFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA.
S WesterdaleINFN Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8824-6205
D WoodCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1507-4689
D YatesTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada.
S YueCanadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River K0J 1J0, Canada.
V ZambranoCAPA (Centro de Astropartículas y Física de Altas Energías), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6213-8126
TRIUMF · CACanadian Nuclear Laboratories · CAFluidigm (Canada) · CAEl.En. Group (Italy) · ITFermi National Accelerator Laboratory · USSnolab · CAHealth Solutions (Sweden) · SEInstitute for the Science and Technology of Plasmas · ITIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano Bicocca · ITBrescia University · USIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso · ITPrinceton University · USUniversidad de Zaragoza · ESUniversity of Pisa · ITCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique · FRIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Cagliari · ITTecnologie Avanzate (Italy) · ITArthur B. McDonald-Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute · CACanfranc Underground Laboratory · ESCentro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas · ES
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This paper presents the Mechanical Ventilator Milano (MVM), a novel intensive therapy mechanical ventilator designed for rapid, large-scale, low-cost production for the COVID-19 pandemic. Free of moving mechanical parts and requiring only a source of compressed oxygen and medical air to operate, the MVM is designed to support the long-term invasive ventilation often required for COVID-19 patients and operates in pressure-regulated ventilation modes, which minimize the risk of furthering lung trauma. The MVM was extensively tested against ISO standards in the laboratory using a breathing simulator, with good agreement between input and measured breathing parameters and performing correctly in response to fault conditions and stability tests. The MVM has obtained Emergency Use Authorization by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in healthcare settings during the COVID-19 pandemic and Health Canada Medical Device Authorization for Importation or Sale, under Interim Order for Use in Relation to COVID-19. Following these certifications, mass production is ongoing and distribution is under way in several countries. The MVM was designed, tested, prepared for certification, and mass produced in the space of a few months by a unique collaboration of respiratory healthcare professionals and experimental physicists, working with industrial partners, and is an excellent ventilator candidate for this pandemic anywhere in the world.
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