ReviewBiological psychiatry2022
Sex Differences in Alzheimer's Disease: Insights From the Multiomics Landscape.
Review in Biological psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
113 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 167 citations in OpenAlex.
- Improving reproducibility of differentially expressed genes in single-cell transcriptomic studies of neurodegenerative diseases through meta-analysis.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Chromosome X-wide association study in case control studies of pathologically confirmed Alzheimer's disease in a European population.Translational psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and amyloid β among cognitively healthy later-life adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC geriatrics · 2024Pooled it
- The role of microRNAs in understanding sex-based differences in Alzheimer's disease.Biology of sex differences · 2024Pooled it
- Is Hormone Replacement Therapy a Risk Factor or a Therapeutic Option for Alzheimer's Disease?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in experimental Alzheimer's disease models: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Cell-specific expression of APP and GABABrain research · 2026Article
- Cellular transcriptomic signatures underpinning the heterogeneity of depression in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- A multiancestry polygenic risk score for Alzheimer's disease is associated with cognitive decline and neuropathological hallmarks in diverse populations.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Identifying sex-specific sub-phenotypes of Alzheimer's disease progression using longitudinal electronic health records.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Gender-related facilitators and barriers to participation in research on aging using fuzzy cognitive mapping.Neurobiology of aging · 2026Article
- Sex-specific omics scores of sex hormones and associations with metabolic and sleep disorders.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Sex-specific retina-brain signatures link ERα/ERβ imbalance with gliosis in Alzheimer's disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Shared Risk Genes and Casual Relationships across Sex Hormone Related Traits and Alzheimer's Disease.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Sex and life experience shape locus coeruleus pretangle tau pathology.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Estradiol modulates neuronal network hyperexcitability in select NDD risk genes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Polygenic Associations Between Motor Behavior, Neuromotor Traits, and Active Music Engagement in Four Cohorts.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2026Article
- Latent profile analysis of depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults with disabilities and associated factors.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- The gut-brain axis in Alzheimer's disease: early detection, microbial metabolites, mechanisms, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
- Sex-Specific Prediction Models of Alzheimer's Disease: A Gene Expression Analysis.International journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has complex etiologies, and the impact of sex on AD varies over the course of disease development. The literature provides some evidence of sex-specific contributions to AD. However, molecular mechanisms of sex-biased differences in AD remain elusive. Multiomics data in tandem with systems biology approaches offer a new avenue to dissect sex-stratified molecular mechanisms of AD and to develop sex-specific diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for AD. Single-cell transcriptomic datasets and cell deconvolution of bulk tissue transcriptomic data provide additional insights into brain cell type-specific impact on sex-biased differences in AD. In this review, we summarize the impact of sex chromosomes and sex hormones on AD, the impact of sex-biased differences during AD development, and the interplay between sex and a major AD genetic risk factor, the APOE ε4 genotype, through the multiomics landscape. Several sex-biased molecular pathways such as neuroinflammation and bioenergetic metabolism have been identified. The importance of sex chromosome and sex hormones, as well as the associated pathways in AD pathogenesis, is further strengthened by findings from omics studies. Future research efforts should integrate the multiomics data from different brain regions and different cell types using systems biology approaches, and leverage the knowledge into a holistic examination of sex differences in AD. Advances in systems biology technologies and increasingly available large-scale multiomics datasets will facilitate future studies dissecting such complex signaling mechanisms to better understand AD pathogenesis in both sexes, with the ultimate goals of developing efficacious sex- and APOE-stratified preventive and therapeutic interventions for AD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.