ArticleCanadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie2022
The Incidence of Psychotic Disorders and Area-level Marginalization in Ontario, Canada: A Population-based Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06978803 (HYEEG Discourse in Psychosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
HYEEG Discourse in Psychosis: A Neurobehavioural Study
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis of the role of neighborhood deprivation in psychotic disorders.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Pooled it
- Social Fragmentation and Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review.The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Immigrant, racialised and ethno-culturally diverse communities and community treatment orders: A scoping review.The International journal of social psychiatry · 2025Article
- A collective narrative of care and complex mental illness.Health (London, England : 1997) · 2025Article
- Distinct characteristics and social determinants in adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma patients at a tertiary cancer centre in Canada.British journal of haematology · 2025Article
- The role of childhood social fragmentation and perceived discrimination on maladaptive core schemas later in life among young adults at clinical high risk for psychosis and healthy comparisons.Schizophrenia research · 2025Article
- Relations of temporoparietal connectivity with neighborhood social fragmentation in youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis.Schizophrenia research · 2025Article
- Regional and sociodemographic variation of incident first-episode psychosis in Ontario, Canada.International journal of population data science · 2025Article
- Associations Between Childhood Area-Level Social Fragmentation, Maladaptation to School, and Social Functioning Among Healthy Youth and Those at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Article
- Article
- A young adult with first-episode psychosis: when to consider anti-CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2023Article
- Article
- Age- and Sex-Specific Association Between Vegetation Cover and Mental Health Disorders: Bayesian Spatial Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Article
- Green Space and the Incidence of Schizophrenia in Toronto, Canada.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2022Article
- Association between residential instability at individual and area levels and future psychosis in adolescents at clinical high risk from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS) consortium.Schizophrenia research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is limited Canadian evidence on the impact of socio-environmental factors on psychosis risk. We sought to examine the relationship between area-level indicators of marginalization and the incidence of psychotic disorders in Ontario.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of all people aged 14 to 40 years living in Ontario in 1999 using health administrative data and identified incident cases of psychotic disorders over a 10-year follow-up period. Age-standardized incidence rates were estimated for census metropolitan areas (CMAs). Poisson regression models adjusting for age and sex were used to calculate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) based on CMA and area-level marginalization indices.
resultsThere is variation in the incidence of psychotic disorders across the CMAs. Our findings suggest a higher rate of psychotic disorders in areas with the highest levels of residential instability (IRR = 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18 to 1.35), material deprivation (IRR = 1.30, 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.45), ethnic concentration (IRR = 1.61, 95% CI, 1.38 to 1.89), and dependency (IRR = 1.35, 95% CI, 1.18 to 1.54) when compared to areas with the lowest levels of marginalization. Marginalization attenuates the risk in some CMAs.
conclusionsThere is geographic variation in the incidence of psychotic disorders across the province of Ontario. Areas with greater levels of marginalization have a higher incidence of psychotic disorders, and marginalization attenuates the differences in risk across geographic location. With further study, replication, and the use of the most up-to-date data, a case may be made to consider social policy interventions as preventative measures and to direct services to areas with the highest risk. Future research should examine how marginalization may interact with other social factors including ethnicity and immigration.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.