ArticlePsychopharmacology2021
Escalation and reinstatement of fentanyl self-administration in male and female rats.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex Differences in Opioid and Psychostimulant Craving and Relapse: A Critical Review.Pharmacological reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Dissociation of decision-making from escalated drug intake within a long-access model.Behavioural brain research · 2026Article
- A Wireless Wearable Platform for Intravenous Drug Self-Administration in Freely Behaving Rats.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Marked sex differences are observed in heroin acquisition and affective states in rats but converge to similar levels of footshock stress-induced reinstatement.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Uncovering phenotypic diversity and cell-type-specific prefrontal cortex calcium dynamics in rat fentanyl self-administration.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Influence of sex, anxiety, and risk-taking behavior on opioid and alcohol polysubstance consumption patterns.Addiction neuroscience · 2026Article
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, semaglutide, attenuates intravenous self-administration of fentanyl in female rats.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Fentanyl reinforcement history has sex-specific effects on multi-step decision-making.Neuropharmacology · 2026Article
- Behavioral and transcriptomic markers of susceptibility to escalate fentanyl intake.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- [Establishment and evaluation of rat and mouse models with addictive behaviors].Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025Review
- Sex-specific transcriptional signatures of oxycodone persist during withdrawal and abstinence in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of heterogeneous stock rats.Addiction neuroscience · 2025Article
- A Challenge To The Assumption That Short- versus Long-Access Groups of Opioid Users Represent Distinct Phenotypes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Fentanyl exposure during preconception and gestation permanently dysregulates endogenous opioid peptides and sympathoadrenal-medullary axis in the offspring.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2025Article
- Effects of orally self-administered furanyl fentanyl and acryl fentanyl in mice: antinociception, dependence and withdrawal, and defense of consumption.Neuropharmacology · 2025Article
- Anxiety and risk-taking behavior maps onto opioid and alcohol polysubstance consumption patterns in male and female mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Modeling escalation of drug intake to identify molecular targets for treating substance use disorders: A slippery slope upward.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2025Review
- Calcium imaging of central amygdala activity after escalation of fentanyl self-administration.Neuropharmacology · 2025Article
- Escalation of intravenous fentanyl self-administration and assessment of withdrawal behavior in male and female mice.Psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Decreased incubation of fentanyl seeking in the absence of proximal drug-paired stimuli.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Environmental enrichment attenuates reinstatement of heroin seeking and reverses heroin-induced upregulation of mesolimbic ghrelin receptors.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleEscalation of drug intake and craving are two DSM-5 hallmark symptoms of opioid use disorder (OUD).
objectivesThis study determined if escalation of intake as modeled by long access (LgA) self-administration (SA) and craving measured by reinstatement are related.
methodsAdult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to self-administer fentanyl across 7 daily 1-h short access (ShA) sessions, followed by 21 SA sessions of either 1- or 6-h duration (ShA or LgA). Following 14 1-h extinction sessions, Experiment 1 assessed reinstatement induced by either fentanyl (10 or 30 µg/kg) or yohimbine (1 or 2 mg/kg), and Experiment 2 assessed reinstatement induced by a drug-associated cue light.
resultsFemales acquired fentanyl SA faster than males. When shifted to LgA sessions, LgA rats escalated fentanyl intake, but ShA rats did not; no reliable sex difference in the rate of escalation was observed. In extinction, compared to ShA rats, LgA rats initially responded less and showed less decay of responding across sessions. A priming injection of fentanyl induced reinstatement, with LgA rats reinstating more than ShA rats at the 30 µg/kg dose. Yohimbine (1 mg/kg) also induced reinstatement, but there was no effect of access group or sex. With cue-induced reinstatement, LgA females reinstated less than LgA males and ShA females.
conclusionAmong the different reinstatement tests assessed, escalation of fentanyl SA increased only drug-primed reinstatement, suggesting a limited relationship between escalation of drug intake and craving (reinstatement) for OUD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.