ArticleSignal transduction and targeted therapy2021
The olfactory route is a potential way for SARS-CoV-2 to invade the central nervous system of rhesus monkeys.
Article in Signal transduction and targeted therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Meta-Analysis of Rhesus Macaques (Comparative medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Exposure route, not dose, is the primary driver of infection patterns for a respiratory virus.Science advances · 2026Article
- Exposure route drives SARS-CoV-2 infection patterns in non-human primates.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- MRI of Syrian hamsters reveals SARS-CoV-2 variant-specific neuroinflammation.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress in Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, and COVID-19: Microglia-Neutrophil Interaction.ACS omega · 2026Review
- Review
- Translating animal models of SARS-CoV-2 infection to vascular, neurological and gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19.Disease models & mechanisms · 2025Review
- Expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2 in human brain and its association with Alzheimer's disease and COVID-19.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Review
- SARS-CoV-2 and neurotropism: evidence, gaps and reflections.Journal of medical microbiology · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infection of human cortical cells is influenced by the interaction between aneuploidy and biological sex: insights from a Down syndrome in vitro model.Acta neuropathologica · 2025Article
- Role of toll-like receptors in post-COVID-19 associated neurodegenerative disorders?Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Potential Mechanisms of COVID-19 Related Nervous System Damage and Effects on Female Fertility.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Neurological, psychological, psychosocial complications of long-COVID and their management.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Review
- Neurological complications caused by SARS-CoV-2.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- SARS-CoV-2 infection in microglia and its sequelae: What do we know so far?Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Review
- Blood-brain barrier injury and neuroinflammation induced by SARS-CoV-2 in a lung-brain microphysiological system.Nature biomedical engineering · 2024Article
- High Levels of NfL, GFAP, TAU, and UCH-L1 as Potential Predictor Biomarkers of Severity and Lethality in Acute COVID-19.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Review
- Mechanisms of COVID-19-associated olfactory dysfunction.Neuropathology and applied neurobiology · 2024Review
- Characterization of preclinical Alzheimer's disease model: spontaneous type 2 diabetic cynomolgus monkeys with systemic pro-inflammation, positive biomarkers and developing AD-like pathology.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
25 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neurological manifestations are frequently reported in the COVID-19 patients. Neuromechanism of SARS-CoV-2 remains to be elucidated. In this study, we explored the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 neurotropism via our established non-human primate model of COVID-19. In rhesus monkey, SARS-CoV-2 invades the CNS primarily via the olfactory bulb. Thereafter, viruses rapidly spread to functional areas of the central nervous system, such as hippocampus, thalamus, and medulla oblongata. The infection of SARS-CoV-2 induces the inflammation possibly by targeting neurons, microglia, and astrocytes in the CNS. Consistently, SARS-CoV-2 infects neuro-derived SK-N-SH, glial-derived U251, and brain microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. To our knowledge, this is the first experimental evidence of SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion in the NHP model, which provides important insights into the CNS-related pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2.
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