ArticleSignal transduction and targeted therapy2021
RNA-induced liquid phase separation of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein facilitates NF-κB hyper-activation and inflammation.
Article in Signal transduction and targeted therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 105 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- The roles and mechanisms of natural compounds in preventing and treating viral reproductive disorders in major economic livestock.Virulence · 2026Review
- Molecular Insights into High-Pathogenicity RNA Viruses.Viruses · 2026Review
- Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Structural and Accessory Proteins: Emerging Opportunities for Small-Molecule Coronavirus Antivirals.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 suppresses the canonical NF-κB pathway by promoting ubiquitin-dependent degradation of TAK1 kinase.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein-specific monoclonal antibodies as tools for studying its antigenic structure and interaction with host cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Antiviral drug discovery and development: challenges and future directions.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Structural organization of HBV pgRNA genome driven by phase separation in capsid confinement.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Zapnometinib treatment and influenza A virus infection modulate the HLA class I ligandome in human lung adenocarcinoma cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Natural product sennoside B disrupts liquid-liquid phase separation of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein by inhibiting its RNA-binding activity.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Structural basis of a human antibody targeting SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein dimerization domain and interfering with RNA-binding.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- Review
- Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Targeting USP22 to promote K63-linked ubiquitination and degradation of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Biomolecular condensates control and are defined by RNA-RNA interactions that arise in viral replication.Research square · 2025Article
- Phase Separation: Orchestrating Biological Adaptations to Environmental Fluctuations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- African swine fever virus I177L induces host inflammatory responses by facilitating the TRAF6-TAK1 axis and NLRP3 inflammasome assembly.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Acute lung injury induced by recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein subunit S1 in mice.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- PRMT1-methylated MSX1 phase separates to control palate development.Nature communications · 2025Article
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ongoing 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has posed a worldwide pandemic and a major global public health threat. The severity and mortality of COVID-19 are associated with virus-induced dysfunctional inflammatory responses and cytokine storms. However, the interplay between host inflammatory responses and SARS-CoV-2 infection remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein, the major structural protein of the virion, promotes the virus-triggered activation of NF-κB signaling. After binding to viral RNA, N protein robustly undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), which recruits TAK1 and IKK complex, the key kinases of NF-κB signaling, to enhance NF-κB activation. Moreover, 1,6-hexanediol, the inhibitor of LLPS, can attenuate the phase separation of N protein and restrict its regulatory functions in NF-κB activation. These results suggest that LLPS of N protein provides a platform to induce NF-κB hyper-activation, which could be a potential therapeutic target against COVID-19 severe pneumonia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.