ArticleAddictive behaviors2021
Effects of pictorial warning label message framing and standardized packaging on cigarette packaging appeal among young adult smokers.
Article in Addictive behaviors, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03446170 (Examining the Impact of Cigarette Package Warnings and Packaging Regulations Among Young Adult Smokers), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Examining the Impact of Cigarette Package Warnings and Packaging Regulations Among Young Adult Smokers
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- What is the effect of presenting evidence of the mental vs physical health benefits of quitting smoking on motivation to stop smoking? An online randomised controlled experiment.BMC public health · 2025Trial
- Mediational Effects on Motivation to Quit Smoking After Exposure to a Cigarette Pictorial Warning Label Among Young Adults.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2022Trial
- Strengthening tobacco control policy: using plain packaging to reduce product appeal and enhance public awareness.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Tobacco minimum packaging policy to reduce cigarillo use among young people: results of an experimental study.Tobacco control · 2024Article
- Opportunities for plain packaging of tobacco products in the Philippines: results of a nationwide online survey.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Effects of reduced nicotine content cigarette advertising with warning labels and social media features on product perceptions among young adults.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2023Article
- Effects of Modified Tobacco Risk Products with Claims and Nicotine Features on Perceptions among Racial and Ethnic Groups.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- How do current tobacco warnings compare to the WHO FCTC guidelines: a content analysis of combustible tobacco warnings worldwide.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Evaluating the Effects of Denmark's New Tobacco Control Act on Young People's Use of Nicotine Products: A Study Protocol of the §SMOKE Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Decomposition and Comparative Analysis of the Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Smoking Between the Rural and Urban Elderly Population in China: A National Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionPictorial warning labels and standardized "plain" packaging are policy interventions to reduce smoking, in part, by making cigarette packs and smoking less appealing. To inform potential policy decisions, this study examined the relative effects of message text framing (gain vs. loss) and cigarette packaging (standardized vs. branded) on appeal in a sample of young adult cigarette smokers.
methodsCigarette smokers (N = 339) ages 18-30 completed two within-subjects experimental tasks. Tasks assessed the effects of message text framing (gain vs. loss) and packaging (standardized vs. branded) on cigarette packaging appeal. Task 1 was a 2 × 2 discrete choice experiment, where participants chose between each experimental pack and a standard branded cigarette pack without a pictorial warning label. Task 2 was a ranking task where participants ranked all packs on measures of appeal.
resultsIn Task 1, there were no significant differences in measures of appeal between packs displaying gain- vs. loss-framed message text, but all packs with pictorial warning labels significantly decreased appeal relative to standard branded packs without pictorial warning labels. Standardized packs with pictorial warning labels significantly reduced appeal relative to branded packs with pictorial warning labels and standard branded packs without pictorial warning labels. Task 2 pack rankings showed similar effects of pictorial warning labels and standardized packaging on appeal.
conclusionsPictorial warning labels with gain- and loss-framed text were equally powerful at reducing appeal of cigarette packs in young adult smokers relative to branded packs without pictorial warning labels, especially when combined with standardized packaging.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.