Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33894367›Full record

ArticleNeurobiology of disease2021

Cell-intrinsic effects of TorsinA(ΔE) disrupt dopamine release in a mouse model of TOR1A dystonia.

Anthony M Downs, Xueliang Fan, Radhika F Kadakia, Yuping Donsante, H A Jinnah, Ellen J Hess

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neurobiology of disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Behavioral signature of trihexyphenidyl in theDystonia (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. DYT-Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Anthony M DownsDepartment of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, WMB 6304, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Xueliang FanDepartment of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, WMB 6304, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Radhika F KadakiaDepartment of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, WMB 6304, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Yuping DonsanteDepartment of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, WMB 6304, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
H A JinnahDepartment of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, WMB 6304, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, WMB 6300, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, WMB 6300, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Ellen J HessDepartment of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, WMB 6304, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, WMB 6304, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. Electronic address: ellen.hess@emory.edu.
Emory University · US

Funding

Graduate Training in the Pharmacological StudiesT32GM008602 · NIGMS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI HALL, RANDY A. · 1996 to 2021
$5.1M
Selective muscarinic receptor antagonists as therapeutics in dystoniaF31NS103363 · NINDS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI DOWNS, ANTHONY M · 2018 to 2020
$135k
NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008602NINDS NIH HHS F31 NS103363
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

TOR1A-associated dystonia, otherwise known as DYT1 dystonia, is an inherited dystonia caused by a three base-pair deletion in the TOR1A gene (TOR1AΔE). Although the mechanisms underlying the dystonic movements are largely unknown, abnormalities in striatal dopamine and acetylcholine neurotransmission are consistently implicated whereby dopamine release is reduced while cholinergic tone is increased. Because striatal cholinergic neurotransmission mediates dopamine release, it is not known if the dopamine release deficit is mediated indirectly by abnormal acetylcholine neurotransmission or if Tor1a(ΔE) acts directly within dopaminergic neurons to attenuate release. To dissect the microcircuit that governs the deficit in dopamine release, we conditionally expressed Tor1a(ΔE) in either dopamine neurons or cholinergic interneurons in mice and assessed striatal dopamine release using ex vivo fast scan cyclic voltammetry or dopamine efflux using in vivo microdialysis. Conditional expression of Tor1a(ΔE) in cholinergic neurons did not affect striatal dopamine release. In contrast, conditional expression of Tor1a(ΔE) in dopamine neurons reduced dopamine release to 50% of normal, which is comparable to the deficit in Tor1a

Indexed as

Disease Models, AnimalAnimalsCorpus StriatumDopamineDystoniaFemaleLaser Capture MicrodissectionMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, TransgenicMolecular ChaperonesMutationDopamineDyt1 protein, mouseMolecular ChaperonesAcetylcholineCholinergic interneuronsDYT1Fast scan cyclic voltammetryTorsinA

Identifiers

PMID33894367
PMCPMC8327367
OpenAlexW3155796724

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.