ReviewCurrent rheumatology reports2021
Involvement of Macrophages and Spinal Microglia in Osteoarthritis Pain.
Review in Current rheumatology reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Osteoarthritis as a systemic disorder: multi-organ crosstalk in pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Tuina Attenuates Pain with Reduced Serum Pain- and Inflammation-Related Mediators and p38 MAPK Phosphorylation in Selected Brain Regions in Rats with Knee Osteoarthritis.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- Adipose Tissue and Central Nervous System Crosstalk: Roles in Pain and Cognitive Dysfunction.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Pain Phenotype in Knee Osteoarthritis: Implications for Mechanism-Based Therapy.Orthopaedic surgery · 2025Review
- Understanding pain heterogeneity in osteoarthritis patients: a narrative review.Frontiers of medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Platelet-rich plasma relieves inflammation and pain by regulating M1/M2 macrophage polarization in knee osteoarthritis rats.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Research progress on macrophage polarization during osteoarthritis disease progression: a review.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Review
- Macrophages and microglia in inflammation and neuroinflammation underlying different pain states.Medical review (2021) · 2023Article
- Alleviating effect of lycorine on CFA‑induced arthritic pain via inhibition of spinal inflammation and oxidative stress.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Article
- Microglia sustain anterior cingulate cortex neuronal hyperactivity in nicotine-induced pain.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Regular walking exercise prior to knee osteoarthritis reduces joint pain in an animal model.PloS one · 2023Article
- GSK-3β inhibition alleviates arthritis pain via reducing spinal mitochondrial reactive oxygen species level and inflammation.PloS one · 2023Article
- Exploring the Connectivity of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Microglia as the Center.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Review
- From Low-Grade Inflammation in Osteoarthritis to Neuropsychiatric Sequelae: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Hydrogen-Rich Saline Attenuates Chronic Allodynia after Bone Fractures via Reducing Spinal CXCL1/CXCR2-Mediated Iron Accumulation in Mice.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve the Necrosis and Osteocyte Apoptosis in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head Model through Reducing the Macrophage Polarization.International journal of stem cells · 2022Article
- CircTMOD3 promotes lipopolysaccharide-induced chondrocyte apoptosis in osteoarthritis by sponging miR-27a.Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2022Article
- Association Between Gut Microbiota and Osteoarthritis: A Review of Evidence for Potential Mechanisms and Therapeutics.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Developing nociceptor-selective treatments for acute and chronic pain.Science translational medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of reviewChronic pain in osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by pain sensitization, which involves both peripheral and central mechanisms. Studies suggest synovial macrophage and spinal microglia are implicated in pain sensitization in OA. We, therefore, reviewed the evidence of whether synovial macrophage and spinal microglia facilitated pain sensitization at diverse levels and how this event occurred in OA. RECENT
findingsPeripherally, joint inflammation is now believed to be a source of OA-related pain. Synovial macrophages accumulate in OA inflamed synovium and display a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Abundant macrophage-derived pro-inflammatory cytokines and other pain-causing substance facilitate hyperexcitation of primary sensory neuron in OA-related pain. Thus, activated synovial macrophage was considered a predictor for phenotyping of OA pain clinically. In response to affected joint-derived strong nociception, aberrant neuronal excitability is often associated with the hyperactivity of microglia in the spinal dorsal horn, thereby leading to central sensitization. Hyperactivity of synovial macrophage and spinal microglia underlies the mechanisms of pain sensitization at the peripheral and central level in OA. This concept provides not only a clinically relevant strategy for identifying the phenotype of OA-related pain but also has the potential to develop individualized interventions for OA, particularly in those patients with hyperactivity of macrophage and microglia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.