ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2021
Double Cones and the Diverse Connectivity of Photoreceptors and Bipolar Cells in an Avian Retina.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond SWS1 Cones: Canonical and Noncanonical Routes of Ultraviolet Sensitivity in the Avian Retina.Birds (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Canonical PKCα-immunoreactive rod bipolar cells are present in nocturnal snakes but not in diurnal snakes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A thousand-state optoelectronic memory for high-precision spatiotemporal encoding.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Comparative transcriptomic insights into the evolution of vertebrate photoreceptor types.Current biology : CB · 2025Article
- A standardized nomenclature for the rods and cones of the vertebrate retina.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- European Robin Cryptochrome-4a Associates with Lipid Bilayers in an Ordered Manner, Fulfilling a Molecular-Level Condition for Magnetoreception.ACS chemical biology · 2025Article
- Single cones give rise to multi-cone types in the retinas of fishes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- AAV-mediated transduction of songbird retina.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Morphology and connectivity of retinal horizontal cells in two avian species.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Melanin in the Retinal Epithelium and Magnetic Sensing: A Review of Current Studies.Biophysica · 2024Article
- Comparative transcriptomic insights into the evolutionary origin of the tetrapod double cone.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Species-specific circuitry of double cone photoreceptors in two avian retinas.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Characterization of the development of the high-acuity area of the chick retina.Developmental biology · 2024Article
- The vertebrate retina: a window into the evolution of computation in the brain.Current opinion in behavioral sciences · 2024Review
- Ancient origin of the rod bipolar cell pathway in the vertebrate retina.Nature ecology & evolution · 2024Article
- Ancestral photoreceptor diversity as the basis of visual behaviour.Nature ecology & evolution · 2024Review
- From water to land: Evolution of photoreceptor circuits for vision in air.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- Ancient origin of the rod bipolar cell pathway in the vertebrate retina.Research square · 2023Article
- Ancient origin of the rod bipolar cell pathway in the vertebrate retina.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Birds multiplex spectral and temporal visual information via retinal On- and Off-channels.Nature communications · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Double cones are the most common photoreceptor cell type in most avian retinas, but their precise functions remain a mystery. Among their suggested functions are luminance detection, polarized light detection, and light-dependent, radical pair-based magnetoreception. To better understand the function of double cones, it will be crucial to know how they are connected to the neural network in the avian retina. Here we use serial sectioning, multibeam scanning electron microscopy to investigate double-cone anatomy and connectivity with a particular focus on their contacts to other photoreceptor and bipolar cells in the chicken retina. We found that double cones are highly connected to neighboring double cones and with other photoreceptor cells through telodendria-to-terminal and telodendria-to-telodendria contacts. We also identified 15 bipolar cell types based on their axonal stratifications, photoreceptor contact pattern, soma position, and dendritic and axonal field mosaics. Thirteen of these 15 bipolar cell types contacted at least one or both members of the double cone. All bipolar cells were bistratified or multistratified. We also identified surprising contacts between other cone types and between rods and cones. Our data indicate a much more complex connectivity network in the outer plexiform layer of the avian retina than originally expected.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.