Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33892698›Full record

ArticleBMC medical education2021

"I would do something if I could!": experiences and reflections from ethics teachers on how to respond when hearing alarming cases from medical students.

Amalia Muhaimin, Maartje Hoogsteyns, Raditya Bagas Wicaksono, Adi Utarini, Derk Ludolf Willems

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical education, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Amalia MuhaiminDepartment of Bioethics and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Kampus Kedokteran, Jl. Dr. Gumbreg 1, Purwokerto, 53112, Indonesia. amalia.muhaimin@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3817-5450
Maartje HoogsteynsDepartment of Ethics, Law, and Humanities, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Raditya Bagas WicaksonoDepartment of Bioethics and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Kampus Kedokteran, Jl. Dr. Gumbreg 1, Purwokerto, 53112, Indonesia.
Adi UtariniDepartment of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Derk Ludolf WillemsDepartment of Ethics, Law, and Humanities, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Funding

Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi 238/D3.2/PG/2016
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrevious studies show that teachers can feel disturbed by alarming cases brought up by students during their teaching activities. Teachers may feel uncertain about how to deal with these cases, as they might feel responsible to take action to prevent further harm. This study aims to explore how ethics teachers in medical schools would respond to a student report of unethical or unprofessional behaviour during the clinical training phase (clerkship) that is alarming and potentially harmful for patients or students themselves.

methodsThis study used qualitative methods with purposive sampling. We conducted in-depth interviews with 17 teachers from 10 medical schools in Indonesia. We asked if they had heard any alarming and harmful cases from students and provided two cases as examples.

resultsFour teachers shared their own cases, which they perceived as disturbing and alarming. The cases included power abuse, fraud and deception, violation of patient's rights and autonomy, and sexual harassment. Regarding teachers' responses in general, we found three main themes: (1) being assertive, (2) being careful, (3) barriers and facilitators. Most teachers were convinced of the need to take action despite numerous barriers, which they identified, leading to doubts and concerns in taking action. Our study shows that formal education in ethics might not necessarily influence how teachers respond to alarming cases, and that their responses are mainly influenced by how they perceive their role and responsibility as teachers.

conclusionsOur study suggests that teachers should carefully consider the risks and consequences before taking action upon alarming cases to prevent further harm, and that support from higher authorities might be crucial, especially in the Indonesian context. Our study also shows that taking action as a group might be appropriate in certain cases, while personal approaches might be more appropriate in other cases. Most importantly, school leaders and administrators should develop effective organisational culture and support students and teachers for their ethical responsibility commitment.

Indexed as

Educational PersonnelStudents, MedicalHearingHumansIndonesiaSchools, MedicalAlarming casesClinical clerkshipEthics teachersMedical studentsStudent disclosuresStudent reports

Identifiers

PMID33892698
PMCPMC8067644

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.