ArticlePLoS computational biology2021
Two-dimensional video-based analysis of human gait using pose estimation.
Article in PLoS computational biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 129 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
129 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Perception, assessment, and coaching: a systematic review and taxonomy of computer vision-based physical rehabilitation techniques.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Pooled it
- AI Video Analysis in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review of the Most Accurate Computer Vision Tools for Diagnosis, Symptom Monitoring, and Therapy Management.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- The Role of Deep Learning and Gait Analysis in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of proprioception and core stability training on gait parameters of deaf adolescents: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Validation of Pose Estimation Models for Automated Kickboxing Technique Analysis Using 2TRAX3.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Application of Deep Learning-Based Markerless Pose Estimation in a 3D Exergame System for Knee Osteoarthritis Exercise Management: Development and Preliminary Evaluation.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Evaluation Protocols and Validation for Cameras in Indoor Healthcare Monitoring.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Co-Designing a Clinician-Centered Video Gait Assessment System for Cerebral Palsy Based on the Framework for Co-Design of Clinical Practice Tools: Iterative Development and Formative Evaluation Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- IMU- and Vision-Based Measurement Techniques for Joint Kinematics: A Narrative Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Markerless On-Device Detection of Compensatory Movement Patterns in Upper-Limb Rehabilitation Exercises from Monocular RGB Video: A Validation Study in Healthy Adults.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Recommendations for the use of clinical outcome assessments in rare disease drug development.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Review
- DeepGaitLab: Accurate and Flexible Markerless Motion Tracking Powered by Synthetic Data.Research square · 2026Article
- Quantitative Assessment of Lower-Limb Multi-joint Synergy in Knee Osteoarthritis by Integrating Spatiotemporal Dual-Topology Features Under the HSMR Framework.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Automated gait classification: Comparison of automated algorithms to expert classification.Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon) · 2026Article
- A Joint-Level Hybrid Framework for Gait Analysis Using Camera-IMU Fusion and LSTM-Based Temporal Correction.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Associations Between Hip Mobility and Pain in Chronic Low Back Pain Using IMU and Markerless Motion Capture.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The application of deep learning in tactical analysis of football matches.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Automated Gait Assessment for Rehabilitation Training Using Pose Tracking and Dynamic Time Warping.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- An accessible 2D video-based gait analysis framework with model-based illustration of joint torque and power trends.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Application of a spatiotemporal distribution-based multidimensional gait feature algorithm in KOA gait assessment.Medical & biological engineering & computing · 2026Article
69 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Human gait analysis is often conducted in clinical and basic research, but many common approaches (e.g., three-dimensional motion capture, wearables) are expensive, immobile, data-limited, and require expertise. Recent advances in video-based pose estimation suggest potential for gait analysis using two-dimensional video collected from readily accessible devices (e.g., smartphones). To date, several studies have extracted features of human gait using markerless pose estimation. However, we currently lack evaluation of video-based approaches using a dataset of human gait for a wide range of gait parameters on a stride-by-stride basis and a workflow for performing gait analysis from video. Here, we compared spatiotemporal and sagittal kinematic gait parameters measured with OpenPose (open-source video-based human pose estimation) against simultaneously recorded three-dimensional motion capture from overground walking of healthy adults. When assessing all individual steps in the walking bouts, we observed mean absolute errors between motion capture and OpenPose of 0.02 s for temporal gait parameters (i.e., step time, stance time, swing time and double support time) and 0.049 m for step lengths. Accuracy improved when spatiotemporal gait parameters were calculated as individual participant mean values: mean absolute error was 0.01 s for temporal gait parameters and 0.018 m for step lengths. The greatest difference in gait speed between motion capture and OpenPose was less than 0.10 m s-1. Mean absolute error of sagittal plane hip, knee and ankle angles between motion capture and OpenPose were 4.0°, 5.6° and 7.4°. Our analysis workflow is freely available, involves minimal user input, and does not require prior gait analysis expertise. Finally, we offer suggestions and considerations for future applications of pose estimation for human gait analysis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.