Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33891002›Full record

ArticleHuman molecular genetics2021

A duplication on chromosome 16q12 affecting the IRXB gene cluster is associated with autosomal dominant cone dystrophy with early tritanopic color vision defect.

Susanne Kohl, Pablo Llavona, Alexandra Sauer, Peggy Reuter, Nicole Weisschuh, Melanie Kempf, Florian Alexander Dehmelt, Aristides B Arrenberg, Ieva Sliesoraityte, Eberhart Zrenner and 4 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human molecular genetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 45% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The landscape of submicroscopic structural variants at theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  2. NovelInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Susanne KohlInstitute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Pablo LlavonaInstitute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Alexandra SauerInstitute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Peggy ReuterInstitute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Nicole WeisschuhInstitute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Melanie KempfUniversity Eye Hospital, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Florian Alexander DehmeltWerner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Institute of Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Aristides B ArrenbergWerner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Institute of Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Ieva SliesoraityteInstitute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Eberhart ZrennerInstitute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Mary J van SchooneveldDepartment of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam 1100 DD, The Netherlands.
Günther RudolphDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, München 80336, Germany.
Laura KühleweinInstitute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Bernd WissingerInstitute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
University of Tübingen · DESTZ eyetrial · DEBartiméus · NLLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cone dystrophies are a rare subgroup of inherited retinal dystrophies and hallmarked by color vision defects, low or decreasing visual acuity and central vision loss, nystagmus and photophobia. Applying genome-wide linkage analysis and array comparative genome hybridization, we identified a locus for autosomal dominant cone dystrophy on chromosome 16q12 in four independent multigeneration families. The locus is defined by duplications of variable size with a smallest region of overlap of 608 kb affecting the IRXB gene cluster and encompasses the genes IRX5 and IRX6. IRX5 and IRX6 belong to the Iroquois (Iro) protein family of homeodomain-containing transcription factors involved in patterning and regionalization of embryonic tissue in vertebrates, including the eye and the retina. All patients presented with a unique progressive cone dystrophy phenotype hallmarked by early tritanopic color vision defects. We propose that the disease underlies a misregulation of the IRXB gene cluster on chromosome 16q12 and demonstrate that overexpression of Irx5a and Irx6a, the two orthologous genes in zebrafish, results in visual impairment in 5-day-old zebrafish larvae.

Indexed as

Chromosome DuplicationMultigene FamilyAnimalsChromosomes, Human, Pair 16Color Vision DefectsComparative Genomic HybridizationCone DystrophyFamily HealthFemaleGene Expression RegulationGenes, DominantHomeodomain ProteinsHumansMalePedigreeSequence Analysis, DNAHomeodomain ProteinsIRX5 protein, humanIRX6 protein, humanTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID33891002
PMCPMC8212766
OpenAlexW3155466902

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.