Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33889867›Full record

ArticleACS ES&T water2021

Electrochemical Recovery of Phosphorus from Acidic Cheese Wastewater: Feasibility, Quality of Products, and Comparison with Chemical Precipitation.

Yang Lei, Zhengshuo Zhan, Michel Saakes, Renata D van der Weijden, Cees J N Buisman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS ES&T water, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yang LeiWetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
Zhengshuo ZhanWetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
Michel SaakesWetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
Renata D van der WeijdenWetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
Cees J N BuismanWetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The recovery of phosphorus (P) from high-strength acidic waste streams with high salinity and organic loads is challenging. Here, we addressed this challenge with a recently developed electrochemical approach and compared it with the chemical precipitation method via NaOH dosing. The electrochemical process recovers nearly 90% of P (∼820 mg/L) from cheese wastewater in 48 h at 300 mA with an energy consumption of 64.7 kWh/kg of P. With chemical precipitation, >86% of P was removed by NaOH dosing with a normalized cost of 1.34-1.80 euros/kg of P. The increase in wastewater pH caused by NaOH dosing triggered the formation of calcium phosphate sludge instead of condensed solids. However, by electrochemical precipitation, the formed calcium phosphate is attached to the electrode, allowing the subsequent collection of solids from the electrode after treatment. The collected solids are characterized as amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) at 200 mA or a precipitation pH of ≥9. Otherwise, they are a mixture of ACP and hydroxyapatite. The products have sufficient P content (≤14%), of which up to 85% was released within 30 min in 2% citric acid and a tiny amount of heavy metals compared to phosphate rocks. This study paves the way for applying electrochemical removal and recovery of phosphorus from acidic P-rich wastewater and offers a sustainable substitute for mined phosphorus.

Identifiers

PMID33889867
PMCPMC8054673

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.