ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
The Unique Immunomodulatory Properties of MSC-Derived Exosomes in Organ Transplantation.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synergistic immune interactions between T cells and natural killer cells in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukaemia: current status and future directions.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes on Lung Inflammation in a Murine Aspiration Model.The Laryngoscope · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory and antimicrobial actions of extracellular vesicles in vaginal infections: implications for female infertility.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Enhancing islet transplantation outcomes in T1DM: The promise of mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- The mechanistic study of injectable hydrogel loaded with BMSC-exosomes in regulating the TGF-β/MMP axis to inhibit experimental myopia model.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Progress in research on the association between mesenchymal stem cell senescence and knee osteoarthritis.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2026Review
- Research Advances on Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Anti-Graft-Versus-Host Disease Therapy: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Potential, and Future Prospects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Immune-evasive stem cells: engineering tolerance and reprogramming microenvironments for regenerative therapy.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- Exosomal bioactive molecules: molecular regulation, functional heterogeneity, and translational implications in disease diagnostics and therapeutics.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Peripheral nerve repair: innovations and future directions.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Adipose tissue for reconstruction and wound healing: applications, challenges, and future directions.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Functionalized mesenchymal stem cells for enhanced bone regeneration: advances and challenges.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Secretome from human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells repairs mechanically induced meniscus injury in mice by activating the proliferation and suppressing the apoptosis of endogenous meniscus progenitor cells.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Immunomodulatory and Regenerative Functions of MSC-Derived Exosomes in Bone Repair.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Regulatory Immune Cell-derived Exosomes: Modes of Action and Therapeutic Potential in Transplantation.Transplantation · 2025Review
- Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell therapy for atopic dermatitis through inhibition of neutrophil chemotaxis.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: a novel therapeutic frontier in hematological disorders.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Mixed lymphocyte reaction-conditioned MSC-derived extracellular vesicles enhance graft survival via miR-638-mediated immunoregulation.Stem cells translational medicine · 2025Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Methods for suppressing the host immune system over the long term and improving transplantation tolerance remain a primary issue in organ transplantation. Cell therapy is an emerging therapeutic strategy for immunomodulation after transplantation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult multipotent stem cells with wide differentiation potential and immunosuppressive properties, which are mostly used in regenerative medicine and immunomodulation. In addition, emerging research suggests that MSC-derived exosomes have the same therapeutic effects as MSCs in many diseases, while avoiding many of the risks associated with cell transplantation. Their unique immunomodulatory properties are particularly important in the immune system-overactive graft environment. In this paper, we review the effects of MSC-derived exosomes in the immune regulation mechanism after organ transplantation and graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) from various perspectives, including immunosuppression, influencing factors, anti-inflammatory properties, mediation of tissue repair and regeneration, and the induction of immune tolerance. At present, the great potential of MSC-derived exosomes in immunotherapy has attracted a great deal of attention. Furthermore, we discuss the latest insights on MSC-derived exosomes in organ transplantation and GvHD, especially its commercial production concepts, which aim to provide new strategies for improving the prognosis of organ transplantation patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.