Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33888957›Full record

ArticleJournal of global infectious diseases

Prevalence of Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection among Hepatitis B Virus-Infected and Exposed Patients.

Krithiga Ramachandran, Reshu Agarwal, Manoj Kumar Sharma, Vikram Bhatia, Ekta Gupta

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of global infectious diseases. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.1field-weighted citation impact, top 45% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Prevalence of hepatitis D among patients with hepatitis B: A cross-sectional study.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Krithiga RamachandranDepartment of Clinical Virology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Reshu AgarwalDepartment of Clinical Virology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Manoj Kumar SharmaDepartment of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Vikram BhatiaDepartment of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Ekta GuptaDepartment of Clinical Virology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection is a cause of coinfection and superinfection among hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients. The global prevalence of HDV may vary drastically depending on the geographical location. In India, serological techniques form the basis for the determination of HDV prevalence in majority of the studies with very limited literature based on molecular techniques. In addition, sparse data on HDV infection among HBV-exposed group, i.e., patients with total antibodies to core antigen (anti-hepatitis B core [HBc]) positive and negative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), are available.

objectiveThis study was aimed to determine the prevalence of HDV in both HBV-infected and HBV-exposed groups, utilizing both serological and molecular methods. SETTINGS AND

designThis was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted from January till June 2018 where samples of 142 patients were retrieved and were categorized into two groups: Group A included patients with both HBsAg and anti-HBc positivity ( MATERIALS AND

methodsAll the specimens were retrieved from -80°C and were tested for anti-HDV immunoglobulin (Ig) M (IgM), anti-HDV IgG, and HDV RNA.

resultsHDV infection was observed in only one patient in Group A and none in Group B, making an overall prevalence of 0.78% (95% confidence interval = 0.02%-3.9%). The infected patient was reactive for both IgM and IgG with a viral load of 2log

conclusionThe present study provides evidence that HDV infection is very low(0.78%) in this part of India. However further prospective studies with larger sample size are warranted.

Indexed as

Hepatitis B virushepatitis delta virusprevalence

Identifiers

PMID33888957
PMCPMC8045544
OpenAlexW3109880166

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.