ArticleNature genetics2021
Trans-ancestry analysis reveals genetic and nongenetic associations with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity.
Article in Nature genetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 182 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
182 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 270 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ancestry-independent risk of venous thromboembolism in individuals with sickle cell trait vs factor V Leiden.Blood advances · 2024Pooled it
- Novel genes and sex differences in COVID-19 severity.Human molecular genetics · 2022Pooled it
- Expanded COVID-19 phenotype definitions reveal distinct patterns of genetic association and protective effects.Nature genetics · 2022Pooled it
- Systematic review of host genetic association with Covid-19 prognosis and susceptibility: What have we learned in 2020?Reviews in medical virology · 2022Pooled it
- Mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19.Nature · 2021Pooled it
- Trans-ethnic genome-wide association study of severe COVID-19.Communications biology · 2021Pooled it
- Association of ABO/Rh Blood Groups and ABO Gene VariantsViruses · 2026Article
- Identification and functional characterization of regulatory variants in DPP9 associated with COVID-19 severity.Genome medicine · 2026Article
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- Machine learning, whole genome sequencing, and Mendelian randomization support a role of CRP on COVID-19 severity.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
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- Comparative GWAS using global and Indian Reference Panels reveals non-coding drivers of COVID-19 severity and mortality.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Central role of glycosylation processes in human genetic susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infections with Omicron variants.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Multi-omics identifies oxidative stress, prothrombotic pathways, and lactoperoxidase variants as key factors in COVID-19 severity.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Exploring the genetic landscape of COVID-19 susceptibility and severity among patients in Türkiye.BMC medical genomics · 2025Article
- Cell type-specific eQTL analysis of COVID-19 based on single-cell transcriptomic data.NAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Multiple-testing corrections in selection scans using identity-by-descent segments.American journal of human genetics · 2025Article
- Natural selection exerted by historical coronavirus epidemic(s): comparative genetic analysis in China Kadoorie Biobank and UK Biobank.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Article
- Determining population-specific risk factors for COVID-19 susceptibility and severity to inform future individual-level integrated risk scoring.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
122 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 presents with a wide range of severity, from asymptomatic in some individuals to fatal in others. Based on a study of 1,051,032 23andMe research participants, we report genetic and nongenetic associations with testing positive for SARS-CoV-2, respiratory symptoms and hospitalization. Using trans-ancestry genome-wide association studies, we identified a strong association between blood type and COVID-19 diagnosis, as well as a gene-rich locus on chromosome 3p21.31 that is more strongly associated with outcome severity. Hospitalization risk factors include advancing age, male sex, obesity, lower socioeconomic status, non-European ancestry and preexisting cardiometabolic conditions. While non-European ancestry was a significant risk factor for hospitalization after adjusting for sociodemographics and preexisting health conditions, we did not find evidence that these two primary genetic associations explain risk differences between populations for severe COVID-19 outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.