Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33888524›Full record

ArticleThe European respiratory journal2021

Interstitial lung disease increases susceptibility to and severity of COVID-19.

Hyun Lee, Hayoung Choi, Bumhee Yang, Sun-Kyung Lee, Tai Sun Park, Dong Won Park, Ji-Yong Moon, Tae-Hyung Kim, Jang Won Sohn, Ho Joo Yoon and 1 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The European respiratory journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
77citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
14.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

77 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 115 citations in OpenAlex.

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  16. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis in Covid-19: mortality, risk factors, and clinical outcomes from a 30-case observational study.Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG · 2025
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17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Hyun LeeDivision of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Dept of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Hayoung ChoiDivision of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-4812-0653
Bumhee YangDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.
Sun-Kyung LeeDivision of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Dept of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Tai Sun ParkDivision of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Dept of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Dong Won ParkDivision of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Dept of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-4538-6045
Ji-Yong MoonDivision of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Dept of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Tae-Hyung KimDivision of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Dept of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-3863-7854
Jang Won SohnDivision of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Dept of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Ho Joo YoonDivision of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Dept of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Sang-Heon KimDivision of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Dept of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea sangheonkim@hanyang.ac.kr.ORCID 0000-0001-8398-4444
Hanyang University · KRZero to Three · USHallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere are limited data regarding the relationship between interstitial lung disease (ILD) and the natural course of COVID-19. In this study, we investigate whether patients with ILD are more susceptible to COVID-19 than those without ILD and evaluate the impact of ILD on disease severity in patients with COVID-19.

methodsA nationwide cohort of patients with COVID-19 (n=8070) and a 1:15 age-, sex- and residential area-matched cohort (n=121 050) were constructed between 1 January 2020 and 30 May 2020 in Korea. We performed a nested case-control study to compare the proportions of patients with ILD between the COVID-19 cohort and the matched cohort. Using the COVID-19 cohort, we also evaluated the risk of severe COVID-19 in patients with ILD

resultsThe proportion of patients with ILD was significantly higher in the COVID-19 cohort than in the matched cohort (0.8%

conclusionThe risks of COVID-19 and severe presentation were significantly higher in patients with ILD than in those without ILD.

Indexed as

COVID-19Lung Diseases, InterstitialCase-Control StudiesCohort StudiesHumansSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID33888524
PMCPMC8061231
OpenAlexW3156861809

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.