Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33888143›Full record

ArticleNutrition journal2021

Association of mushroom consumption with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among American adults: prospective cohort study findings from NHANES III.

Djibril M Ba, Xiang Gao, Joshua Muscat, Laila Al-Shaar, Vernon Chinchilli, Xinyuan Zhang, Paddy Ssentongo, Robert B Beelman, John P Richie

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrition journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. The Nutritarian Women's Health Study (NWHS): Cohort 1.American journal of lifestyle medicine · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Djibril M BaDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
Xiang GaoDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Joshua MuscatDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
Laila Al-ShaarDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
Vernon ChinchilliDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
Xinyuan ZhangDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Paddy SsentongoDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
Robert B BeelmanDepartment of Food Science and Center for Plant and Mushroom Foods for Health, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
John P RichieDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA. jrichie@pennstatehealth.psu.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWhether mushroom consumption, which is rich in several bioactive compounds, including the crucial antioxidants ergothioneine and glutathione, is inversely associated with low all-cause and cause-specific mortality remains uncertain. This study aimed to prospectively investigate the association between mushroom consumption and all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk.

methodsLongitudinal analyses of participants from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) extant data (1988-1994). Mushroom intake was assessed by a single 24-h dietary recall using the US Department of Agriculture food codes for recipe foods. All-cause and cause-specific mortality were assessed in all participants linked to the National Death Index mortality data (1988-2015). We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to calculate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

resultsAmong 15,546 participants included in the current analysis, the mean (SE) age was  44.3 (0.5) years. During a mean (SD) follow-up duration of 19.5 (7.4) years , a total of 5826 deaths were documented. Participants who reported consuming mushrooms had lower risk of all-cause mortality compared with those without mushroom intake (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.73-0.98) after adjusting for demographic, major lifestyle factors, overall diet quality, and other dietary factors including total energy. When cause-specific mortality was examined, we did not observe any statistically significant associations with mushroom consumption. Consuming 1-serving of mushrooms per day instead of 1-serving of processed or red meats was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.50-0.84). We also observed a dose-response relationship between higher mushroom consumption and lower risk of all-cause mortality (P-trend = 0.03).

conclusionMushroom consumption was associated with a lower risk of total mortality in this nationally representative sample of US adults.

Indexed as

AgaricalesCardiovascular DiseasesAdultCause of DeathFollow-Up StudiesHumansNutrition SurveysProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesRisk FactorsUnited StatesDietMortality riskMushroomNHANES IIIProspective study

Identifiers

PMID33888143
PMCPMC8061446

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.