Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33888113›Full record

ArticleBMC women's health2021

Epidemiological survey of adult female stress urinary incontinence.

Rui Qin Zhang, Man Cheng Xia, Fan Cui, Jia Wei Chen, Xiao Dong Bian, Hong Jie Xie, Wei Bing Shuang

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC women's health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
5.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Holistic Pelvic Floor: Pelvic Floor Stress Dysfunction Diseases.International urogynecology journal · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Rui Qin ZhangDepartment of First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
Man Cheng XiaDepartment of First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
Fan CuiDepartment of First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
Jia Wei ChenDepartment of First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
Xiao Dong BianDepartment of First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
Hong Jie XieDepartment of First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
Wei Bing ShuangDepartment of First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China. shuangweibing@126.com.
Shanxi Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in adult female in Taiyuan and what are the related risk factors are not clear. The aim of this study was to provide a basis for exploring the prevention and treatment of SUI in adult female in Taiyuan.

methodsA voluntary online questionnaire was used to investigate adult female in the community and surrounding townships of Taiyuan. Most of the questionnaires refer to the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms, and adapt to the specific circumstances of the region. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0).

resultsA total of 4004 eligible questionnaires were obtained. The prevalence of SUI in adult female in Taiyuan was 33.5%. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that place of residence, smoking, body mass index, diet, number of deliveries, mode of delivery, dystocia, menopause, oral contraceptives, urinary tract infection, making the bladder empty faster by pushing down and holding urine were risk factors for adult female stress urinary incontinence in Taiyuan.

conclusionThe prevalence of SUI in adult female in Taiyuan was high, and based on risk factors identified in this survey, population-level intervention strategies should be developed for the prevention and treatment of adult female SUI in Taiyuan.

Indexed as

Urinary Incontinence, StressAdultBody Mass IndexFemaleHumansMenopausePregnancyPrevalenceRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesEpidemiologyRisk factorStress urinary incontinence

Identifiers

PMID33888113
PMCPMC8061196
OpenAlexW3154935197

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.