Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33887730›Full record

ArticleInternational archives of allergy and immunology2021

Prophylactic Treatment in Hereditary Angioedema Is Associated with Reduced Anxiety in Patients in Leipzig, Germany.

Julia Zarnowski, Marie Rabe, Paula Kage, Jan-Christoph Simon, Regina Treudler

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International archives of allergy and immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Garadacimab for the long-term prophylaxis of hereditary angioedema.Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
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  5. The International/Canadian hereditary angioedema guideline.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
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  9. Status quo and future developments in the diagnosis and treatment of hereditary angioedema.Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2025
    Review
  10. Comorbidities in Canadian patients with hereditary angioedema: a quantitative survey study.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Julia ZarnowskiDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Marie RabeDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Paula KageDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Jan-Christoph SimonDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Regina TreudlerDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
University Hospital Leipzig · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHereditary angioedema (HAE) is associated with relevant disease-related burden. We aimed at investigating prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with HAE in Leipzig, Germany.

methodsQuestionnaire-based evaluation of medical history, Angioedema Control Test (AECT), Angioedema Quality of Life Questionnaire (AE-QoL), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).

resultsThirty-seven patients with HAE were included (31 females, mean age 49.6 ± 17.5 years). A mean diagnostic delay between first symptoms and correct diagnosis of 14.2 ± 14.5 years was detected. Patients aged <50 years (n = 18) had been diagnosed significantly earlier with HAE than older patients (p = <0.001). In 6 patients (16.2%), unnecessary medical interventions were performed and 14 patients (43.8%) reported at least 1 HAE-related death of a family member. Psychological stress was the most common triggering factor (96.2%). HADS scores revealed depression in 5/37 patients (13.5%) and anxiety in 16/37 (43.2%), GAD-7 score indicated anxiety in 9/36 (25%) participants. Patients receiving long-term prophylactic treatment (n = 17, 45.9%) showed significantly better disease control (AECT; p = <0.001) and quality of life (AE-QoL; p = <0.001) compared to those with on-demand treatment only. Patients with long-term prophylactic treatment showed significantly lower scores for anxiety and depression at GAD-7 (p = 0.011) and HADS (anxiety: p = 0.021; depression: p = 0.008). In 5 patients, treatment regime was changed as AECT score indicated insufficient disease control. Subsequently, we measured significant improvement of quality of life (AE-QoL, p = 0.04) and disease control (AECT; p = 0.032).

conclusionAnxiety was a frequent burden in our study group and showed a significant association with low disease control. Our data indicate that prophylactic HAE treatment can improve psychosocial burden of HAE.

Indexed as

PremedicationAdultAgedAngioedemas, HereditaryAnxietyDepressionFemaleGermanyHumansMaleMiddle AgedPublic Health SurveillanceQuality of LifeSurveys and QuestionnairesAngioedema control testAnxietyBurden of diseaseDepressionHereditary angioedemaLong-term prophylaxisQuality of life

Identifiers

PMID33887730
PMCPMC8491501
OpenAlexW3154282123

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.