SynthesisPLoS neglected tropical diseases2021
Worldwide epidemiology of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in humans, ticks and other animal species, a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Iran: a systematic review of viral detection in ticks, vector distribution, and data gaps for health system decision-makers.Veterinary research communications · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A systematic review of the occurrence of Hyalomma ticks associated with birds migrating between Africa and the Northern Hemisphere.Parasites & vectors · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis for the occurrence of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Tularemia, and Rift Valley fever in pastoralist systems in Africa.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Pooled it
- Seroprevalence of seven arboviruses of public health importance in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2024Pooled it
- Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus localization and shedding in the reproductive tract of lethal and survivor mouse models.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- A One Health investigation of a Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic fever outbreak reveals high seropositivity in livestock in Lyantonde District, Uganda, 2024.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Detection, characterization, and evolutionary inferences regarding a novel virus identified in Amblyomma dissimile Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) from the Amazon, Pará, Brazil.Archives of virology · 2026Article
- Tick-host-virus triad in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever transmission: global patterns across vector and reservoir species.Veterinary research communications · 2026Review
- Genomic characterization of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in Hyalomma ticks from Cameroon highlights circulation of the Africa 3 lineage.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in the last four decades (1981-2025): global output, collaboration networks, and emerging frontiers.Tropical animal health and production · 2026Article
- Human exposure to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus is associated with livestock management and handling practices in southcentral Tanzania, 2023-2024.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Combining PCR and Metagenomic Approaches to Reveal Tick-Borne Pathogens in Ticks Collected from Livestock and Companion Animals in Cambodia.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Targeting the ICAM-1/LFA-1 adhesion axis attenuates lethal Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infection.Cell insight · 2026Article
- Crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus circulates within broad ecological networks of ticks and vertebrates.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Targeting Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus: computational and MD-driven discovery of Moringa oleifera peptides against the RdRp-embedded OTU protease.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Sero-epidemiology of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in mixed crop-livestock farming households in Burkina Faso: a one health study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal and clinical dynamics of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Wasit Governorate, Iraq (2022-2025): a retrospective analytical study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- An Overview of the Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Outbreak in Iraq.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Serologic evidence of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus exposure among livestock and farmers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
25 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There are uncertainties about the global epidemiological data of infections due to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). We estimated the global case fatality rate (CFR) of CCHFV infections and the prevalence of CCHFV in humans, ticks and other animal species. We also explored the socio-demographic and clinical factors that influence these parameters. In this systematic review with meta-analyses we searched publications from database inception to 03rd February 2020 in Pubmed, Scopus, and Global Index Medicus. Studies included in this review provided cross-sectional data on the CFR and/or prevalence of one or more targets used for the detection of CCHFV. Two independent investigators selected studies to be included. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were conducted independently by all authors. Data collected were analysed using a random effect meta-analysis. In all, 2345 records were found and a total of 312 articles (802 prevalence and/or CFR data) that met the inclusion criteria were retained. The overall CFR was 11.7% (95% CI = 9.1-14.5), 8.0% (95% CI = 1.0-18.9), and 4.7% (95% CI = 0.0-37.6) in humans with acute, recent, and past CCHFV infections respectively. The overall CCHFV acute infections prevalence was 22.5% (95% CI = 15.7-30.1) in humans, 2.1% (95% CI = 1.3-2.9) in ticks, and 4.5% (95% CI = 1.9-7.9) in other animal species. The overall CCHFV recent infections seroprevalence was 11.6% (95% CI = 7.9-16.4) in humans and 0.4% (95% CI = 0.0-2.9) in other animal species. The overall CCHFV past infections seroprevalence was 4.3% (95% CI = 3.3-5.4) in humans and 12.0% (95% CI = 9.9-14.3) in other animal species. CFR was higher in low-income countries, countries in the WHO African, South-East Asia and Eastern Mediterranean regions, in adult and ambulatory patients. CCHFV detection rate in humans were higher in CCHFV suspected cases, healthcare workers, adult and hospitalized patients, ticks of the genus Ornithodoros and Amblyomma and in animals of the orders Perissodactyla and Bucerotiformes. This review highlights a significant disease burden due to CCHFV with a strong disparity according to country income levels, geographic regions, various human categories and tick and other animal species. Preventive measures in the light of these findings are expected.
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