Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33884540›Full record

ArticleJournal of molecular histology2021

Correlation between the immune checkpoints and EMT genes proposes potential prognostic and therapeutic targets in ESCC.

Reihaneh Alsadat Mahmoudian, Sahar Mozhgani, Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan, Leila Mokhlessi, Mehdi Montazer, Mehran Gholamin

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of molecular histology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Reihaneh Alsadat Mahmoudian *Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Sahar Mozhgani *Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Mohammad Reza AbbaszadeganMedical Genetics Research Center, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Leila MokhlessiSchool of Pharmacy, Goethe-University, Frankfurt a. M., Germany.
Mehdi MontazerDepartment of Pathology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Mehran GholaminImmunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. GholaminM@mums.ac.ir.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0123-5755
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences · IRGoethe University Frankfurt · DE

Funding

Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 960741
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4, TIM-3, and LAG-3, crucial immune checkpoint molecules in the tumor microenvironment, identify as key targets for cancer immunotherapy. There is a correlation between immune cells and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes expression in varies human cancers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the probable association between expression of immune checkpoints and EMT in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) with clinical treats for providing the new therapeutic targets and prognostic value for the disease. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to investigate the gene expression profile of immune checkpoints (PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4, TIM-3, and LAG-3) and EMT (TWIST1 and MMP-13) genes based on the mRNA expression levels in 51 ESCC tissues. The upregulation of CTLA-4, PD-1, PD-L1, TIM-3, LAG-3, MMP-13, and TWIST1 were observed in 31.37%, 29.41%, 21.56%, 39.21%, 25.49%, 60.78%, and 56.86% of ESCC cases at the mRNA level, respectively. Dysregulation of immune checkpoints was related to lymph node involvement, stage of tumor progression, and depth of tumor invasion (P < 0.05). While overexpression of MMP-13 and TWIST1 was associated with lymph node involvement, stage of tumor progression, and grade of tumor differentiation (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of immune checkpoint genes was significantly correlated to each other's (P = 0.000). Of importance, the data explored the significant association between the concomitant expression of immune checkpoints and EMT-related genes with each other in a variety of clinicopathological traits (P < 0.05). Consequently, immune checkpoints were positively correlated with EMT status in ESCC. The correlation between tumor immune microenvironment with the elevation of multiple immune checkpoints and EMT status may help to identify potential biomarkers for the simultaneous clinical use of multiple immune checkpoints blockade and other immunotherapies approaches for advanced ESCC patients.

Indexed as

Molecular Targeted TherapyEpithelial-Mesenchymal TransitionEsophageal NeoplasmsEsophageal Squamous Cell CarcinomaFemaleGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticGene Regulatory NetworksHumansImmune Checkpoint ProteinsLymphatic MetastasisMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm ProteinsPrognosisProtein Interaction MapsImmune Checkpoint ProteinsNeoplasm ProteinsRNA, MessengerCTLA-4LAG-3MMP-13PD-1/PD-L1TIM-3TWIST1

Identifiers

PMID33884540
OpenAlexW3155607416

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.