Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33883932›Full record

ReviewBreast cancer (Dove Medical Press)2021

A Review of Modifiable Risk Factors in Young Women for the Prevention of Breast Cancer.

Alex A Daly, Rachel Rolph, Ramsey I Cutress, Ellen R Copson

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
7.7field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 119 citations in OpenAlex.

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  17. Factors Influencing Breast Cancer Knowledge and Attitudes of Women in Abbottabad, Pakistan.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Alex A DalyCancer Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6315-8268
Rachel RolphDepartment of Breast Surgery, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, SW3 6JJ, UK.
Ramsey I CutressCancer Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
Ellen R CopsonCancer Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8994-4056
University of Southampton · GBRoyal Marsden Hospital · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosis in women aged less than 40 years and the second most common cause of cancer death in this age group. Global rates of young onset breast cancer have risen steadily over the last twenty years. Although young women with breast cancer have a higher frequency of underlying pathogenic mutations in high penetrance breast cancer susceptibility genes (CSG) than older women, the vast majority of young breast cancer patients are not found to have a germline CSG mutation. There is therefore a need to inform young women regarding non-genetic breast cancer risk factors which have the potential to be influenced by changes in individual behaviour. A Pubmed search was performed using the search terms "young" or "early onset", and "breast cancer" and "modifiable risk". Titles and abstracts from peer-reviewed publications were screened for relevance. This review presents evidence for potentially modifiable risk factors of breast cancer risk in young women, including lifestyle factors (physical activity, body habitus, alcohol use, smoking, shift work and socioeconomic factors), reproductive and hormonal factors and iatrogenic risks. The extent to which these factors are truly modifiable is discussed and interactions between genetic and non-genetic risk factors are also addressed. Health care professionals have an opportunity to inform young women about breast health and risk when presenting at a "teachable moment", including the benefits of physical activity and alcohol habits as risk factor. More focussed discussions regarding individual personal risk and benefit should accompany conversations regarding reproductive health and take into consideration both non-modifiable and iatrogenic BC risk factors.

Indexed as

breast cancerlifestylemodifiablepreventionrisk factorsyoung

Identifiers

PMID33883932
PMCPMC8053601
OpenAlexW3156004189

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.