ArticlePloS one2021
Spatial clustering of CD68+ tumor associated macrophages with tumor cells is associated with worse overall survival in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- CT-Based Radiomics for Prediction of Molecular Markers in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- CD68- and CD163-positive tumor-associated macrophages in renal clear cell carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Reticulocalbin-1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: clinical and functional evidence for its role as a biomarker and potential therapeutic target.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Prediction of PD-L1 and CD68 in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma with Green Learning.Journal of imaging · 2025Article
- Soluble CD206 in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Relation to clinical-biochemical parameters and patient outcome.International journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Computational methods and biomarker discovery strategies for spatial proteomics: a review in immuno-oncology.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2024Review
- Article
- Digital pathology in pediatric nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma: correlation with treatment response.Blood advances · 2023Article
- Spatial heterogeneity of tumor microenvironment influences the prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- Bioinformatic analyses reveal the prognostic significance and potential role of ankyrin 3 (ANK3) in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.Genomics & informatics · 2023Article
- Geospatial characterization of immune cell distributions and dynamics across the microenvironment in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Article
- 2022 WUOF/SIU International Consultation on Urological Diseases: Genetics and Tumor Microenvironment of Renal Cell Carcinoma.Societe internationale d'urologie journal : SIUJ · 2022Article
- From Basic Science to Clinical Translation in Kidney Cancer: A Report from the Second Kidney Cancer Research Summit.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2022Article
- A Cuproptosis-Related lncRNAs Signature Could Accurately Predict Prognosis in Patients with Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.Analytical cellular pathology (Amsterdam) · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Immune infiltration is typically quantified using cellular density, not accounting for cellular clustering. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) activate oncogenic signaling through paracrine interactions with tumor cells, which may be better reflected by local cellular clustering than global density metrics. Using multiplex immunohistochemistry and digital pathologic analysis we quantified cellular density and cellular clustering for myeloid cell markers in 129 regions of interest from 55 samples from 35 patients with metastatic ccRCC. CD68+ cells were found to be clustered with tumor cells and dispersed from stromal cells, while CD163+ and CD206+ cells were found to be clustered with stromal cells and dispersed from tumor cells. CD68+ density was not associated with OS, while high tumor/CD68+ cell clustering was associated with significantly worse OS. These novel findings would not have been identified if immune infiltrate was assessed using cellular density alone, highlighting the importance of including spatial analysis in studies of immune cell infiltration of tumors. Significance: Increased clustering of CD68+ TAMs and tumor cells was associated with worse overall survival for patients with metastatic ccRCC. This effect would not have been identified if immune infiltrate was assessed using cell density alone, highlighting the importance of including spatial analysis in studies of immune cell infiltration of tumors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.