Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33882013›Full record

ArticleJMIR formative research2021

Utilizing Lean Software Methods To Improve Acceptance of Global eHealth Initiatives: Results From the Implementation of the Basic Emergency Care App.

Christian Rose, Taylor Nichols, Daniel Hackner, Julia Chang, Steven Straube, Willem Jooste, Hendry Sawe, Andrea Tenner

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR formative research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Christian RoseDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5115-649X
Taylor NicholsDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8134-2082
Julia ChangDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0823-3891
Steven StraubeDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9602-3113
Willem JoosteDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Cape Town/Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8257-0458
Hendry SaweDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0395-5385
Andrea TennerDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7290-8980
University of California, San Francisco · USUniversity of Cape Town · ZAMuhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences · TZStanford University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHealth systems in low- and middle-income countries face considerable challenges in providing high-quality accessible care. eHealth has had mounting interest as a possible solution given the unprecedented growth in mobile phone and internet technologies in these locations; however, few apps or software programs have, as of yet, gone beyond the testing phase, most downloads are never opened, and consistent use is extremely rare. This is believed to be due to a failure to engage and meet local stakeholder needs and the high costs of software development.

objectiveWorld Health Organization Basic Emergency Care course participants requested a mobile point-of-care adjunct to the primary course material. Our team undertook the task of developing this solution through a community-based participatory model in an effort to meet trainees' reported needs and avoid some of the abovementioned failings. We aimed to use the well-described Lean software development strategy-given our familiarity with its elements and its ubiquitous use in medicine, global health, and software development-to complete this task efficiently and with maximal stakeholder involvement.

methodsFrom September 2016 through January 2017, the Basic Emergency Care app was designed and developed at the University of California San Francisco. When a prototype was complete, it was piloted in Cape Town, South Africa and Dar es Salaam, Tanzania-World Health Organization Basic Emergency Care partner sites. Feedback from this pilot shaped continuous amendments to the app before subsequent user testing and study of the effect of use of the app on trainee retention of Basic Emergency Care course material.

resultsOur user-centered mobile app was developed with an iterative participatory approach with its first version available within 6 months and with high acceptance-95% of Basic Emergency Care Course participants felt that it was useful. Our solution had minimal direct costs and resulted in a robust infrastructure for subsequent assessment and maintenance and allows for efficient feedback and expansion.

conclusionsWe believe that utilizing Lean software development strategies may help global health advocates and researchers build eHealth solutions with a process that is familiar and with buy-in across stakeholders that is responsive, rapid to deploy, and sustainable.

Indexed as

Africaapp developmentdecision supporteHealthemergencyglobal healthleanLMIClow- and middle income countriesmHealthprimary surveyTanzania

Identifiers

PMID33882013
PMCPMC8190643
OpenAlexW3153908895

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.