ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2021
Case-cohort study of plasma phospholipid fatty acid profiles, cognitive function, and risk of dementia: a secondary analysis in the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study.
Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Relationship of Omega-3 Fatty Acids with Dementia and Cognitive Decline: Evidence from Prospective Cohort Studies of Supplementation, Dietary Intake, and Blood Markers.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- The blood lipidome fatty acid profile predicts the disease risk and clinical phenotypes of Alzheimer's disease: associations from two prospective cohort studies.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- A maternal low-protein diet results in sex-specific differences in synaptophysin expression and milk fatty acid profiles in neonatal rats.Journal of nutritional science · 2024Article
- Nutrition in Alzheimer's disease: a review of an underappreciated pathophysiological mechanism.Science China. Life sciences · 2023Review
- Red Blood Cell Fatty Acid Profiles Are Significantly Altered in South Australian Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease Cases Compared to Matched Controls.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPhospholipids are biomarkers of dietary fat intake and metabolism, linked to several cardiometabolic disorders. Few prospective studies have assessed plasma phospholipids in relation to dementia risk and cognitive function.
objectivesWe aimed to evaluate the association between a decrease in linoleic acid accompanied with an increase in other fatty acids and cognitive function and dementia risk.
methodsWe conducted a case-cohort study nested within the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study. We included 1252 participants, 498 of whom who developed dementia during a mean of 5 y of follow-up. We measured 45 individual plasma phospholipids (as a percentage of total plasma phospholipid fatty acids) by GC and related these to Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MSE) scores at baseline and neurologist-adjudicated incidence of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer disease (AD), adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.
resultsSubstitution of 1% of SFAs for 1% of linoleic acid, the predominant polyunsaturated n-6 (ɷ-6) fatty acid, was associated with higher risk of dementia (HR per 1% of SFAs instead of linoleic acid = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.07) and a 0.08 point lower 3MSE score at baseline (95% CI: -0.12, -0.03), signifying worse cognitive function. When compared with linoleic acid, we found no associations of total monounsaturated, n-3 polyunsaturated, or trans fatty acids with risk of dementia or AD. However, the substitution of 1% of the marine n-3 PUFA DHA for linoleic acid was associated with lower risk of dementia (HR = 0.86 per 1% of DHA instead of linoleic acid; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.96). These associations were not modified by apolipoprotein E genotype, mild cognitive impairment at baseline, age, or sex.
conclusionsSpecific elements of diet may be associated with late-life dementia, a hypothesis that requires formal testing in randomized controlled trials and that represents a possible preventive intervention.
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