Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33880460›Full record

ArticleACS ES&T water2021

Rapid Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Risk for Fecally Contaminated River Water.

Jamie D Shutler, Krzysztof Zaraska, Thomas Holding, Monika Machnik, Kiranmai Uppuluri, Ian G C Ashton, Łukasz Migdał, Ravinder S Dahiya

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS ES&T water, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed.

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  8. Game of transmissions (GoT) of SARS-CoV-2: Second wave of COVID-19 is here in India.Current opinion in environmental science & health · 2022
    Review
  9. Article
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  12. Review
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  18. The impact of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in water: potential risks.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jamie D ShutlerUniversity of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR10 9FE, U.K.
Krzysztof ZaraskaŁukasiewicz-Institute of Electron Technology, 01-919 Warsaw, Poland.
Thomas HoldingUniversity of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR10 9FE, U.K.
Monika MachnikŁukasiewicz-Institute of Electron Technology, 01-919 Warsaw, Poland.
Kiranmai UppuluriŁukasiewicz-Institute of Electron Technology, 01-919 Warsaw, Poland.
Ian G C AshtonUniversity of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR10 9FE, U.K.
Łukasz MigdałUniversity of Agriculture in Kraków, 30-239 Kraków, Poland.
Ravinder S DahiyaBendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Following the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), airborne water droplets have been identified as the main transmission route. Identifying and breaking all viable transmission routes are critical to stop future outbreaks, and the potential of transmission by water has been highlighted. By modifying established approaches, we provide a method for the rapid assessment of the risk of transmission posed by fecally contaminated river water and give example results for 39 countries. The country relative risk of transmission posed by fecally contaminated river water is related to the environment and the populations' infection rate and water usage. On the basis of in vitro data and using temperature as the primary controller of survival, we then demonstrate how viral loads likely decrease after a spill. These methods using readily available data suggest that sewage spills into rivers within countries with high infection rates could provide infectious doses of >40 copies per 100 mL of water. The approach, implemented in the supplementary spreadsheet, can provide a fast estimate of the upper and lower viral load ranges following a riverine spill. The results enable evidence-based research recommendations for wastewater epidemiology and could be used to evaluate the significance of fecal-oral transmission within freshwater systems.

Identifiers

PMID33880460
PMCPMC7931626

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.