ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Europe2021
Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and virologic features of COVID-19 patients in Kazakhstan: A nation-wide retrospective cohort study.
Article in The Lancet regional health. Europe, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04871841 (Study of Sputnik V COVID-19 Vaccination in Adults in Kazakhstan), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Study of Sputnik V COVID-19 Vaccination in Adults in Kazakhstan
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Microbial Etiology and Antimicrobial Resistance in Pneumonia Among Hospitalized Patients in Kazakhstan: A Systematic Review and Single-Arm Meta-Analysis of Prevalence Data.Health science reports · 2026Review
- Article
- Complete genome sequence of a human influenza a virus (H1N1) detected in Kazakhstan in the fall of 2022.Microbiology resource announcements · 2025Article
- Article
- Metagenomic profiling of nasopharyngeal samples from adults with acute respiratory infection.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- RT-qPCR investigation of post-mortem tissues during COVID-19.Journal of applied biomedicine · 2024Article
- Application of MALDI-TOF MS and machine learning for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 and non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infections.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes in hospitalized patients during six waves of COVID‑19 in Northern Iran: a large cohort study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Study of seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Kazakhstan.Epidemiology and infection · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Sputnik-V reactogenicity and immunogenicity in the blood and mucosa: a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of 27,256 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Kermanshah Province, Iran: a retrospective one-year cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Sero-prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in certain cities of Kazakhstan.Health science reports · 2022Article
- Towards an Accurate Estimation of COVID-19 Cases in Kazakhstan: Back-Casting and Capture-Recapture Approaches.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
- Epidemiology, Clinico-Pathological Characteristics, and Comorbidities of SARS-CoV-2-Infected Pakistani Patients.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- A high scale SARS-CoV-2 profiling by its whole-genome sequencing using Oxford Nanopore Technology in Kazakhstan.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- High SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Karaganda, Kazakhstan before the launch of COVID-19 vaccination.PloS one · 2022Article
- Mortality predictors of hospitalized patients with COVID-19: Retrospective cohort study from Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.PloS one · 2021Article
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9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe earliest coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) cases in Central Asia were announced in March 2020 by Kazakhstan. Despite the implementation of aggressive measures to curb infection spread, gaps remain in the understanding of the clinical and epidemiologic features of the regional pandemic.
methodsWe did a retrospective, observational cohort study of patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 hospitalized in Kazakhstan between February and April 2020. We compared demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological data of patients with different COVID-19 severities on admission. Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with disease severity and in-hospital death. Whole-genome SARS-CoV-2 analysis was performed in 53 patients.
findingsOf the 1072 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in March-April 2020, the median age was 36 years (IQR 24-50) and 484 (45%) were male. On admission, 683 (64%) participants had asymptomatic/mild, 341 (32%) moderate, and 47 (4%) severe-to-critical COVID-19 manifestation; 20 in-hospital deaths (1•87%) were reported by 5 May 2020. Multivariable regression indicated increasing odds of severe disease associated with older age (odds ratio 1•05, 95% CI 1•03-1•07, per year increase; p<0•001), the presence of comorbidities (2•34, 95% CI 1•18-4•85; p=0•017) and elevated white blood cell count (WBC, 1•13, 95% CI 1•00-1•27; p=0•044) on admission, while older age (1•09, 95% CI 1•06-1•13, per year increase; p<0•001) and male sex (5•63, 95% CI 2•06-17•57; p=0•001) were associated with increased odds of in-hospital death. The SARS-CoV-2 isolates grouped into seven phylogenetic lineages, O/B.4.1, S/A.2, S/B.1.1, G/B.1, GH/B.1.255, GH/B.1.3 and GR/B.1.1.10; 87% of the isolates were O and S sub-types descending from early Asian lineages, while the G, GH and GR isolates were related to lineages from Europe and the Americas.
interpretationOlder age, comorbidities, increased WBC count, and male sex were risk factors for COVID-19 disease severity and mortality in Kazakhstan. The broad SARS-CoV-2 diversity suggests multiple importations and community-level amplification predating travel restriction.
fundingMinistry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
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