ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2021
Hepcidin and Ferritin Predict Microbial Etiology in Community-Acquired Pneumonia.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Underlying MASLD-induced gut microbiome dysbiosis and intestinal inflammation are key to poor outcomes in vibriosis infections in a preclinical model.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin fluorescence as an underrecognized prognostic marker of mortality in community-acquired pneumonia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Genetic Susceptibility to Causal Relationship Between Iron Metabolism Disorder Involving Immunocytes and Risk of Pneumonia and Sepsis.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Longitudinal relationships between serum ferritin and prognosis among severe community-acquired pneumonia patients.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Hepcidin analysis in pneumonia: Comparison of immunoassay and LC-MS/MS.Annals of clinical biochemistry · 2023Article
- Elevated Urinary Hepcidin Level and Hypoferremia in Infants with Febrile Urinary Tract Infection: A Prospective Cohort Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Biomarkers for iron metabolism among patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2, bacteria, and influenza.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2022Article
- Host and Bacterial Iron Homeostasis, an Underexplored Area in Tuberculosis Biomarker Research.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIron is crucial for survival and growth of microbes. Consequently, limiting iron availability is a human antimicrobial defense mechanism. We explored iron and iron-related proteins as potential biomarkers in community-acquired pneumonia and hypothesized that infection-induced changes in these potential biomarkers differ between groups of pathogens and could predict microbial etiology.
methodsBlood samples from a prospective cohort of 267 patients with community-acquired pneumonia were analyzed for hepcidin, ferritin, iron, transferrin, and soluble transferrin receptor at admission, clinical stabilization, and a 6-week follow-up. A total of 111 patients with an established microbiological diagnosis confined to 1 microbial group (atypical bacterial, typical bacterial, or viral) were included in predictive analyses.
resultsHigh admission levels of ferritin predicted atypical bacterial versus typical bacterial etiology (odds ratio [OR], 2.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-4.32;
conclusionsHepcidin and ferritin are potential biomarkers of microbial etiology in community-acquired pneumonia.
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