ArticleJournal of global health2021
Incidence, risk factors, and viral etiology of community-acquired acute lower respiratory tract infection among older adults in rural north India.
Article in Journal of global health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global Epidemiology and Disease Burden of Human Parainfluenza Virus in Adults: A Systematic Review.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Pooled it
- Trends of severe human metapneumovirus infections in India.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Long-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter 2.5 and Ozone and the Risk of Acute Respiratory Infections: Community-Based Prospective Cohort Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2026Article
- Burden and risk factors of influenza-associated acute respiratory infections among older adults in India: a multicentric community-based surveillance (2018-2023).The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2026Article
- Incidence, risk factors and viral aetiology of lower respiratory infections among older adults: a 5-year multicentric cohort study in India.BMJ open respiratory research · 2026Observational
- Article
- Multiplex PCR for lower respiratory tract infection diagnosis in ICU and non-ICU settings: enhancing diagnostic stewardship in Indian tertiary care.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Epidemiology and Clinical Burden in High-Risk and ≥ 50-Year-Old Adults in Low- to Middle-Income Countries: An Artificial-Intelligence-Enabled Systematic Literature Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- Article
- Perceptions of respiratory tract infections and their implications for disease prevention practices among older adults in Mysuru, India.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Incidence of RSV in Adults: A Comprehensive Review of Observational Studies and Critical Gaps in Information.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Review
- Adverse outcomes in patients hospitalized with pneumonia at age 60 or more: A prospective multi-centric hospital-based study in India.PloS one · 2024Article
- Rates of Lower Respiratory Tract Illness in US Adults by Age and Comorbidity Profile.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Article
- A vicious cycle of frailty and acute lower respiratory infection among community-dwelling adults (≥ 60 years): Findings from a multi-site INSPIRE cohort study, India.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease Burden in Community-Dwelling and Long-Term Care Facility Older Adults in Europe and the United States: A Prospective Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Risk factors and medical resource utilization in US adults hospitalized with influenza or respiratory syncytial virus in the Hospitalized Acute Respiratory Tract Infection study.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2022Article
- Evaluating the Increased Burden of Cardiorespiratory Illness Visits to Adult Emergency Departments During Flu and Bronchiolitis Outbreaks in the Pediatric Population: Retrospective Multicentric Time Series Analysis.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Article
- Multisite surveillance for influenza and other respiratory viruses in India: 2016-2018.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere are limited data on incidence, risk factors and etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) among older adults in low- and middle-income countries.
methodsWe established a cohort of community dwelling older adults ≥60 years and conducted weekly follow-up for acute respiratory infections (ARI) during 2015-2017. Nurses assessed ARI cases for LRTI, collecting combined nasal/throat swabs from all LRTI cases and an equal number of age- and sex-matched asymptomatic neighbourhood controls. Swabs were tested for influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), and parainfluenza viruses (PIV) using polymerase chain reaction. LRTI and virus-specific LRTI incidence was calculated per 1000 person-years. We estimated adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRR) for risk factors using Poisson regression and calculated etiologic fractions (EF) using adjusted odds ratios for detection of viral pathogens in LRTI cases vs controls.
resultsWe followed 1403 older adults for 2441 person-years. LRTI and LRTI-associated hospitalization incidences were 248.3 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 229.3-268.8) and 12.7 (95% CI = 8.9-18.1) per 1000 person-years. Persons with pre-existing chronic bronchitis as compared to those without (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 4.7, 95% CI = 3.9-5.6); aged 65-74 years (IRR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.3-2.0) and ≥75 years (IRR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.4-2.4) as compared to 60-64 years; and persons in poorest wealth quintile (IRR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1
conclusionIn this rural cohort of older adults, the incidence of LRTI was substantial. Chronic bronchitis was an important risk factor; influenza virus and RSV were major viral pathogens.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.