ReviewNature reviews. Neurology2021
Prodromal Parkinson disease subtypes - key to understanding heterogeneity.
Review in Nature reviews. Neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 231 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Detection of Internal Tremors by Oscillometry in Parkinson's Patient : a Pilot Study
Slowing Cognitive Decline in Alpha-synucleinopathies by Enhancing Physical Activity
Who cites it
231 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Biofluid Detection of Pathological α-Synuclein in the Prodromal Phase of Synucleinopathies.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2024Pooled it
- Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Longitudinal effects of physical activity on sleep in association with hippocampal-amygdala subfield structure and functional connectivity in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Electroacupuncture on Insomnia in Parkinson's Disease: A Multicentre, Randomized, Controlled Trial.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2025Trial
- Brain-first and body-first subtypes of Lewy body disease.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Vaccines mimicking conformational epitopes on α-synuclein fibrils provide immunity to Parkinson's disease.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Hypoxia and TTR dysregulation in astrocytes from Parkinson's disease with a specific mitochondrial haplogroup: A single-cell analysis.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Decoding Prodromal Lewy Body Disease: Clinical Differences Between Isolated REM Sleep Behavior Disorder and Hyposmia With Dopamine Transporter Deficit.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Advances in biomarkers for Parkinson's disease: from molecular pathology to precision diagnostics.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2026Review
- Associations Between Sleep and Non-Motor Symptoms in RBD-Screened Suspected Prodromal Parkinson's Disease with Hyposmia or Orthostatic Hypotension.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Characterizing Cutaneous α-Synuclein Deposition and Seeding Activity in Parkinson's Disease Subtypes.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Tracking Genetic Parkinson's Disease with Molecular Imaging: A Systematic Review.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Review
- From Stress to Neurodegeneration: A New Look at the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Spatio-temporal gait signatures across prodromal and early Parkinson's disease in two independent cohorts.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- 25International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- High molecular weight insoluble parkin in the substantia nigra of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Glial multicellular programs reveal distinct patient stratification in Parkinson's disease.Research square · 2026Article
- Differentiating tremor-dominant parkinson's disease from essential tremor using neuromelanin- sensitive imaging and T1w/T2w ratio.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Silicon quantum dots for neurotheranostic applications in dopamine detection.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Higher glymphatic system activity is linked to longer prodromal stage in isolated REM sleep behavior disorder: a possible protective factor.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
171 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In Parkinson disease (PD), pathological processes and neurodegeneration begin long before the cardinal motor symptoms develop and enable clinical diagnosis. In this prodromal phase, risk and prodromal markers can be used to identify individuals who are likely to develop PD, as in the recently updated International Parkinson and Movement Disorders Society research criteria for prodromal PD. However, increasing evidence suggests that clinical and prodromal PD are heterogeneous, and can be classified into subtypes with different clinical manifestations, pathomechanisms and patterns of spatial and temporal progression in the CNS and PNS. Genetic, pathological and imaging markers, as well as motor and non-motor symptoms, might define prodromal subtypes of PD. Moreover, concomitant pathology or other factors, including amyloid-β and tau pathology, age and environmental factors, can cause variability in prodromal PD. Patients with REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) exhibit distinct patterns of α-synuclein pathology propagation and might indicate a body-first subtype rather than a brain-first subtype. Identification of prodromal PD subtypes and a full understanding of variability at this stage of the disease is crucial for early and accurate diagnosis and for targeting of neuroprotective interventions to ensure efficacy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
33879872What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.