SynthesisScientific reports2021
A systematic review and meta-analysis of geographic differences in comorbidities and associated severity and mortality among individuals with COVID-19.
Synthesis in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05950230 (A Case-Control Study on the Association Between Periodontal Health and Gingival Crevicular Level of Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 in Post COVID-19 Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 162 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Case-Control Study on the Association Between Periodontal Health and Gingival Crevicular Level of Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 in Post COVID-19 Patients
Who cites it
162 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 290 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effectiveness of non-exposure to incarceration in preventing COVID-19 and mitigating associated events: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- [Health impact of COVID pandemic. SESPAS Report 2022].Gaceta sanitaria · 2022Pooled it
- COVID-19 susceptibility and outcomes among patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD): A systematic review and meta-analysis.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Oral Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir as Postexposure Prophylaxis for Covid-19.The New England journal of medicine · 2024Trial
- Phase I/II clinical trial of efficacy and safety of EGCG oxygen nebulization inhalation in the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia patients with cancer.BMC cancer · 2024Trial
- Nirmatrelvir for Vaccinated or Unvaccinated Adult Outpatients with Covid-19.The New England journal of medicine · 2024Trial
- Oral Nirmatrelvir for High-Risk, Nonhospitalized Adults with Covid-19.The New England journal of medicine · 2022Trial
- Reclassification and weighting of multiple causes of death: US death certificates 2003-2023.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Association Between Periodontal Health Status and COVID-19 Severity: A Cross-Sectional Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Re-classification and Weighting of Multiple Causes of Death: US Death Certificates 2003-2023.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Real-world immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in Thai patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional observational study.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Observational
- The Role of Comorbidities in COVID-19 Severity.Viruses · 2025Observational
- Modelling the joint association of socio-economic disadvantage, diabetes, and obesity on COVID-19 mortality in Greater Mexico City.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The association between chronic underlying diseases and the clinical characteristics in adult patients infected with Omicron BA.1.Journal of virus eradication · 2025Article
- Risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes in LATAM countries in the post-vaccination era: an analysis of national surveillance data in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- Omics for searching plasma biomarkers associated with unfavorable COVID-19 progression in hypertensive patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Efficacy of monocyte distribution width in predicting critical illness in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Safety and Efficacy of Ephedrine Alkaloids-Free Ephedra Herb Extract (EFE) for Mild COVID-19: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Comparative Trial.Microorganisms · 2025Article
102 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several comorbidities have been shown to be associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related severity and mortality. However, considerable variation in the prevalence estimates of comorbidities and their effects on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality have been observed in prior studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine geographical, age, and gender related differences in the prevalence of comorbidities and associated severity and mortality rates among COVID-19 patients. We conducted a search using PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE to include all COVID-19 studies published between January 1st, 2020 to July 24th, 2020 reporting comorbidities with severity or mortality. We included studies reporting the confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 on human patients that also provided information on comorbidities or disease outcomes. We used DerSimonian and Laird random effects method for calculating estimates. Of 120 studies with 125,446 patients, the most prevalent comorbidity was hypertension (32%), obesity (25%), diabetes (18%), and cardiovascular disease (16%) while chronic kidney or other renal diseases (51%, 44%), cerebrovascular accident (43%, 44%), and cardiovascular disease (44%, 40%) patients had more COVID-19 severity and mortality respectively. Considerable variation in the prevalence of comorbidities and associated disease severity and mortality in different geographic regions was observed. The highest mortality was observed in studies with Latin American and European patients with any medical condition, mostly older adults (≥ 65 years), and predominantly male patients. Although the US studies observed the highest prevalence of comorbidities in COVID-19 patients, the severity of COVID-19 among each comorbid condition was highest in Asian studies whereas the mortality was highest in the European and Latin American countries. Risk stratification and effective control strategies for the COVID-19 should be done according to comorbidities, age, and gender differences specific to geographical location.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.