Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33879237›Full record

ArticleBMC research notes2021

Antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and biofilm-associated genes among Stenotrophomonas maltophilia clinical isolates.

Narjess Bostanghadiri, Abdollah Ardebili, Zohreh Ghalavand, Samane Teymouri, Mahsa Mirzarazi, Mehdi Goudarzi, Ehsan Ghasemi, Ali Hashemi

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC research notes, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  11. First Report ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
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  15. Persistence ofMicroorganisms · 2024
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  16. Article
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  19. Article
  20. Frontiers in microbiology · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Narjess BostanghadiriDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abdollah ArdebiliLaboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Zohreh GhalavandDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Samane TeymouriDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mahsa MirzaraziStudent Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mehdi GoudarziDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Ehsan GhasemiAbadan School of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
Ali HashemiDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ali.hashemi@sbmu.ac.ir.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7258-5541
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences · IRIran University of Medical Sciences · IRGolestan University · IR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, biofilm production, and the presence of biofilm genes among the S. maltophilia clinical isolates. A total of 85 clinical isolates of S. maltophilia were collected from patients referred to several hospitals. Susceptibility to antibiotics was investigated by disc diffusion method according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). By the crystal violet staining method, the capability of biofilm formation was examined. The genes associated with biofilm production were investigated by the PCR-sequencing techniques.

resultsAll isolates were resistant to doripenem, imipenem, and meropenem. Minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and levofloxacin exhibited the highest susceptibility of 100%, 97.65%, and 95.29%, respectively. The results of crystal violet staining assay showed that all isolates (100%) form biofilm. Moreover, 24 (28.23%), 32 (37.65%), and 29 (34.12%) of isolates were categorized as weak, moderate, and strong biofilm producers, respectively. Biofilm genes including rpfF, spgM and rmlA had an overall prevalence of 89.41% (76/85), 100% (85/85) and 84.71% (72/85), respectively. Rational prescribing of antibiotics and implementation of infection control protocols are necessary to prevent further infection and development of antimicrobial resistance. Combination strategies based on the appropriate antibiotics along with anti-biofilm agents can also be selected to eliminate biofilm-associated infections.

Indexed as

Gram-Negative Bacterial InfectionsStenotrophomonas maltophiliaAnti-Bacterial AgentsBiofilmsDrug Resistance, MicrobialHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntibiotic resistanceBiofilmBiofilm formation genesStenotrophomonas maltophilia

Identifiers

PMID33879237
PMCPMC8059177
OpenAlexW3156972332

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.