Trial reportJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2021
ROCK2 Inhibition With Belumosudil (KD025) for the Treatment of Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease.
Trial report in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 178 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimal Treatment of Steroid-refractory Chronic Graft-versus-host Disease (cGvHD) in the Era of Novel drugs - a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Pooled it
- Unraveling the rationale and conducting a comprehensive assessment of KD025 (Belumosudil) as a candidate drug for inhibiting adipogenic differentiation-a systematic review.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Belumosudil reduces oral chronic graft-versus-host disease tissue inflammation and fibrosis: a ROCKstar companion study.Blood advances · 2025Trial
- Belumosudil for Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease: Analysis of Long-Term Results from the KD025-208 and ROCKstar Studies.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2025Trial
- Belumosudil in diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis: a randomized, double-blind, open-label extension, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Trial
- A Multicenter Phase II Trial of Ruxolitinib for Treatment of Corticosteroid Refractory Sclerotic Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024Trial
- A phase II study of belumosudil for chronic graft-versus-host disease in patients who failed at least one line of systemic therapy in China.BMC medicine · 2024Trial
- Inhibition of ROCK2 via KD025/Belumosudil Alleviates Hypertensive End-Organ Damage.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of the ROCK2-inhibitor belumosudil for chronic GVHD: results from a multicenter retrospective analysis of a large German-Austrian cohort of the belumosudil MAP.Bone marrow transplantation · 2026Article
- Potential clinical benefits of early belumosudil treatment in chronic graft-versus-host disease.International journal of hematology · 2026Article
- Beyond cytoskeletal regulation: Rho-associated, coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 2 in kidney inflammation and fibrosis.Histology and histopathology · 2026Review
- Real-world outcomes in refractory chronic graft-Haematologica · 2026Article
- ROCK2 inhibition suppresses cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated platelet destruction in primary immune thrombocytopenia.Cell & bioscience · 2026Article
- Identifying ROCK2 as an intervention target for bilirubin encephalopathy.Fundamental research · 2026Article
- MYH9: Structure, functions, and therapeutic implications in cancer and genetic disorders.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Pan-cancer analysis reveals Rho kinase addiction as a vulnerability of de-differentiated cancer cells.iScience · 2026Article
- Chronic graft-versus-host disease.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Patient-reported outcomes in chronic GVHD: instruments, clinical utility, and survivorship integration.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2026Review
- ROCK signaling at the crossroads of redox stress, mitochondrial dynamics, and metabolic disease.Redox biology · 2026Review
- Review
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase-2 (ROCK2) signaling pathway regulates the Th17/regulatory T cells balance and controls profibrotic pathways. Selective ROCK2 inhibition with belumosudil (KD025) may offer a novel approach to the management of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). PATIENTS AND
methodsA phase IIa, open-label, dose-finding study of belumosudil enrolled 54 patients with cGVHD who had received one to three prior lines of therapy (LOTs). The primary end point was overall response rate (ORR).
resultsThe median time from cGVHD diagnosis to enrollment was 20 months. Seventy-eight percent of patients had severe cGVHD, 50% had ≥ 4 organs involved, 73% had cGVHD refractory to their last LOT, and 50% had received ≥ 3 prior LOTs. With an overall median follow-up of 29 months, the ORR (95% CI) with belumosudil 200 mg once daily, 200 mg twice daily, and 400 mg once daily was 65% (38% to 86%), 69% (41% to 89%), and 62% (38% to 82%), respectively. Responses were clinically meaningful, with a median duration of response of 35 weeks, and were associated with quality-of-life improvements and corticosteroid (CS) dose reductions. CS treatment was discontinued in 19% of patients. The failure-free survival rate was 76% (62% to 85%) and 47% (33% to 60%) at 6 and 12 months, respectively. The 2-year overall survival rate was 82% (69% to 90%). Belumosudil was well-tolerated, with low rates of cytopenia. There were no unexpected adverse events and no apparent increased risk of infection, including cytomegalovirus infection and reactivation.
conclusionBelumosudil treatment resulted in a high ORR and overall survival rate and demonstrated quality-of-life improvements, CS dose reductions, and limited toxicity. Data from the study indicated that belumosudil may prove to be an effective therapy for patients with treatment-refractory cGVHD.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.