Ethical Perspectives of Chinese and United States Physicians at Initiation of a Research Collaborative.

Variances in perceived standards regarding research integrity appear to exist between China and the U.S. An established joint institute for translational and clinical research between one Chinese and one U.S. health system provides a valuable venue in which to evaluate these perceptions better. We therefore undertook a survey of 209 physicians at the two institutions in 2013-14. The vast majority of physicians from both institutions understood the necessity of obtaining informed consent from research participants, the need to provide a description of the risks of participation, and the voluntary nature of research participation. However, there were differences in responses between the two sites in willingness to report plagiarism (U.S. 95.65% vs. Chinese 40.21%; p < .0001) and data falsification (U.S. 100% vs. Chinese 81.25%; p < .0001) and in willingness to attend biomedical industry-funded promotional events (U.S. 11.0% vs. Chinese 74.0%; p < .0001). When planning to conduct collaborative clinical research across cultures, particularly when uncertainty regarding the similarity of research cultures exists, exploration of cultural and ethical norms in research may be informative regarding educational needs and the risks of research and academic misconduct.