ReviewThe European journal of neuroscience2022
Inflammation-driven brain and gut barrier dysfunction in stress and mood disorders.
Review in The European journal of neuroscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ginseng Bioactive Components as Gut-Brain Axis-Targeted Modulators: Therapeutic Potential and Mechanisms in Multifactorial Diseases.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Exploring the interplay between posttraumatic stress disorder, gut microbiota, and inflammatory biomarkers: a comprehensive meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Probiotics for the treatment of depression and its comorbidities: A systemic review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Aripiprazole modulates splenic microbiota and immune response elicited by single prolonged stress in rats.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Article
- [Inflammatory depression: a review of advances in pathophysiology, clinical implications, and treatment].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2026Review
- Large-scale proteomic analyses before depression diagnosis reveal novel pathophysiological insights.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Psychological stress during medical internship is associated with inflammatory signatures linked to mental health.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Differential impact of manic versus depressive episode recurrence on longitudinal gray matter volume changes in bipolar disorder.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Review
- Environmental enrichment and physical exercise prevent stress-induced social avoidance and blood-brain barrier alterations via Fgf2.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Neuroimaging evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in psychiatric disorders: a review.Psychoradiology · 2026Review
- Multisystem pathology in chronic variable stress: gut-liver-brain axis disruption and the therapeutic promise of magnesium-L-theanine.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Review
- The relationship between emotional states and mental well-being in men: mediating effect of leisure-time physical activity.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Dietary fiber modulates gut microbiota and lipid metabolism ameliorating Alzheimer's pathology in 5xFAD mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Across Barriers: Blood-Brain and Gut Barrier Signaling in Psychiatric Disorders.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Review
- Biomolecular Correlates of Chronic Affective Dysregulation in PTSD: A Combined Assessment Using the Cornell Dysthymia Rating Scale (CDRS) and the Serum Markers SUMO1, MDA, CX3CL1, and UCHL1.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Maternal oral sodium propionate supplementation restores gut integrity and mitigates stress-induced metabolic and behavioral outcomes in offspring.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Probiotics restore impaired spatial cognition and synaptic plasticity of prenatally-stressed male rats: focus on hippocampal and intestinal tight junctions.Neurobiology of stress · 2025Article
- Leaky Gut Biomarkers as Predictors of Depression and Suicidal Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Regulation of emotions is generally associated exclusively with the brain. However, there is evidence that peripheral systems are also involved in mood, stress vulnerability vs. resilience, and emotion-related memory encoding. Prevalence of stress and mood disorders such as major depression, bipolar disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder is increasing in our modern societies. Unfortunately, 30%-50% of individuals respond poorly to currently available treatments highlighting the need to further investigate emotion-related biology to gain mechanistic insights that could lead to innovative therapies. Here, we provide an overview of inflammation-related mechanisms involved in mood regulation and stress responses discovered using animal models. If clinical studies are available, we discuss translational value of these findings including limitations. Neuroimmune mechanisms of depression and maladaptive stress responses have been receiving increasing attention, and thus, the first part is centered on inflammation and dysregulation of brain and circulating cytokines in stress and mood disorders. Next, recent studies supporting a role for inflammation-driven leakiness of the blood-brain and gut barriers in emotion regulation and mood are highlighted. Stress-induced exacerbated inflammation fragilizes these barriers which become hyperpermeable through loss of integrity and altered biology. At the gut level, this could be associated with dysbiosis, an imbalance in microbial communities, and alteration of the gut-brain axis which is central to production of mood-related neurotransmitter serotonin. Novel therapeutic approaches such as anti-inflammatory drugs, the fast-acting antidepressant ketamine, and probiotics could directly act on the mechanisms described here improving mood disorder-associated symptomatology. Discovery of biomarkers has been a challenging quest in psychiatry, and we end by listing promising targets worth further investigation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.