Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33875800›Full record

ArticleMolecular psychiatry2021

Decreased DNA methylation at promoters and gene-specific neuronal hypermethylation in the prefrontal cortex of patients with bipolar disorder.

Miki Bundo, Junko Ueda, Yutaka Nakachi, Kiyoto Kasai, Tadafumi Kato, Kazuya Iwamoto

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Premature aging in serious mental illness.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Miki Bundo *Department of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
Junko Ueda *Department of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
Yutaka NakachiDepartment of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-2495
Kiyoto KasaiDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4443-4535
Tadafumi KatoLaboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan. tadafumi.kato@juntendo.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7856-3952
Kazuya IwamotoDepartment of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan. iwamotok@kumamoto-u.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1780-692X
Kumamoto University · JPRIKEN Center for Brain Science · JPThe University of Tokyo · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental disorder characterized by repeated mood swings. Although genetic factors are collectively associated with the etiology of BD, the underlying molecular mechanisms, particularly how environmental factors affect the brain, remain largely unknown. We performed promoter-wide DNA methylation analysis of neuronal and nonneuronal nuclei in the prefrontal cortex of patients with BD (N = 34) and controls (N = 35). We found decreased DNA methylation at promoters in both cell types in the BD patients. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of differentially methylated region (DMR)-associated genes revealed enrichment of molecular motor-related genes in neurons, chemokines in both cell types, and ion channel- and transporter-related genes in nonneurons. Detailed GO analysis further revealed that growth cone- and dendrite-related genes, including NTRK2 and GRIN1, were hypermethylated in neurons of BD patients. To assess the effect of medication, neuroblastoma cells were cultured under therapeutic concentrations of three mood stabilizers. We observed that up to 37.9% of DMRs detected in BD overlapped with mood stabilizer-induced DMRs. Interestingly, mood stabilizer-induced DMRs showed the opposite direction of changes in DMRs, suggesting the therapeutic effects of mood stabilizers. Among the DMRs, 12 overlapped with loci identified in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of BD. We also found significant enrichment of neuronal DMRs in the loci reported in another GWAS of BD. Finally, we performed qPCR of DNA methylation-related genes and found that DNMT3B was overexpressed in BD. The cell-type-specific DMRs identified in this study will be useful for understanding the pathophysiology of BD.

Indexed as

Bipolar DisorderDNA MethylationEpigenesis, GeneticGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansNeuronsPrefrontal Cortex

Identifiers

PMID33875800
PMCPMC8505249
OpenAlexW3155815301

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.