Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33875589›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021

Global wind patterns shape genetic differentiation, asymmetric gene flow, and genetic diversity in trees.

Matthew M Kling, David D Ackerly

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  12. The origin, invasion history and resistance architecture ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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  15. Relationships withinPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
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  19. Phylogeography ofForestry research · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Matthew M KlingDepartment of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; mattkling@berkeley.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-9073-4240
David D AckerlyDepartment of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.ORCID 0000-0002-1847-7398

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Wind disperses the pollen and seeds of many plants, but little is known about whether and how it shapes large-scale landscape genetic patterns. We address this question by a synthesis and reanalysis of genetic data from more than 1,900 populations of 97 tree and shrub species around the world, using a newly developed framework for modeling long-term landscape connectivity by wind currents. We show that wind shapes three independent aspects of landscape genetics in plants with wind pollination or seed dispersal: populations linked by stronger winds are more genetically similar, populations linked by directionally imbalanced winds exhibit asymmetric gene flow ratios, and downwind populations have higher genetic diversity. For each of these distinct hypotheses, partial correlations between the respective wind and genetic metrics (controlling for distance and climate) are positive for a significant majority of wind-dispersed or wind-pollinated genetic data sets and increase significantly across functional groups expected to be increasingly influenced by wind. Together, these results indicate that the geography of both wind strength and wind direction play important roles in shaping large-scale genetic patterns across the world's forests. These findings have implications for various aspects of basic plant ecology and evolution, as well as the response of biodiversity to future global change.

Indexed as

BiodiversityEcosystemForestsGene FlowGenetic DriftGenetics, PopulationGenetic VariationMicrosatellite RepeatsPollenPollinationSeed DispersalSeedsTreesWindgene flowgenetic differentiationlandscape geneticswind dispersalwind pollination

Identifiers

PMID33875589
PMCPMC8092467

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.