Observational studySports health
Epidemiology of Concussion in the National Football League, 2015-2019.
Observational study in Sports health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Observational
- National Football League (NFL) "Dynamic Kickoff" Rule Change: A Comparative Analysis of Concussion and Musculoskeletal Injury Incidence.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2025Article
- Memory outcomes and interventions after sports-related traumatic brain injuries in pediatric and young adult athletes: a scoping review.Journal of pediatric psychology · 2025Article
- Cerebral Haemodynamic Assessment Following Sport-related Concussion (Mild Traumatic Brain Injury) in Youth and Amateur Rugby Union Players.Sports medicine - open · 2025Article
- Investigating Persistent Sympathovagal Dysregulation Following a Complex Dual Task in Concussed Athletes.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- Concussion injuries in sports and the role of instrumented mouthguards: a mini review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Brachial plexus injuries in the contact athlete: a narrative review.Annals of joint · 2025Review
- Article
- Injury and illness surveillance monitoring in team sports: a framework for all.Injury epidemiology · 2024Article
- National Athletic Trainers' Association Bridge Statement: Management of Sport-Related Concussion.Journal of athletic training · 2024Article
- Publicly available data sources in sport-related concussion research: a caution for missing data.Injury epidemiology · 2024Article
- Position-based assessment of head impact frequency, severity, type, and location in high school American football.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Article
- Multiple Ankle Injuries Are Associated With an Increased Risk of Subsequent Concussion in National Football League Players.Foot & ankle orthopaedics · 2023Article
- The National Football League and traumatic brain injury: blood-based evaluation at the game.Concussion (London, England) · 2023Article
- The National Football League Concussion Protocol: A Review.HSS journal : the musculoskeletal journal of Hospital for Special Surgery · 2023Article
- Effect of the 2018 NCAA Kickoff Rule Change on Concussion Rates in Collegiate Football: Results From a Division 1 Conference.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2023Article
- Finite element evaluation of an American football helmet featuring liquid shock absorbers for protecting against concussive and subconcussive head impacts.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Traumatic brain injury: progress and challenges in prevention, clinical care, and research.The Lancet. Neurology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundConcussion in American football, and specifically the National Football League (NFL) is a major area of interest and key focus for injury prevention. Complete and accurate characterization of when, how, and to whom these injuries occur can facilitate injury reduction efforts. Existing studies of concussion in the NFL use publicly available data, potentially limiting data quality and the inferences that can be made. HYPOTHESIS: Concussion incidence in the NFL decreased across the 2015-2019 seasons. STUDY
designDescriptive epidemiology study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 4.
methodsConcussion incidence, including counts, one-season risk, and rates per game and player-plays, among active NFL players from 2015 to 2019 is described by year, season, play type, and roster position.
resultsA total 1302 concussions were identified from 2015 to 2019 among 1004 players. Of these, 80% occurred in NFL games. The average annual incidence of in-season game concussions changed over the study period, from 230.7 per season (2015-2017) to 177.0 per season (2018-2019); this represented a 23% decrease in game settings ( CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: Concussions in the NFL are a key focus for player safety. Concussion reduction strategies were implemented before 2018, after which there was a sustained 2-year decrease in concussion incidence, providing a new benchmark from which to work toward further injury reduction.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.