Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33872070›Full record

Trial reportJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2021

Five-Year Outcomes With Pembrolizumab Versus Chemotherapy for Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With PD-L1 Tumor Proportion Score ≥ 50.

Martin Reck, Delvys Rodríguez-Abreu, Andrew G Robinson, Rina Hui, Tibor Csőszi, Andrea Fülöp, Maya Gottfried, Nir Peled, Ali Tafreshi, Sinead Cuffe and 9 more

6 registry-linked trialsOpen access · hybridAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 6 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 730 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
730citing papers in PubMed, 12 pooled it
69.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02142738 phase3completednot on this map

A Randomized Open-Label Phase III Trial of Pembrolizumab Versus Platinum Based Chemotherapy in 1L Subjects With PD-L1 Strong Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

TypeinterventionalSponsorMerck Sharp & Dohme LLCRan2014 to 2021Enrolled305ConditionsNon-Small Cell Lung CarcinomaArmsPembrolizumab, Paclitaxel, Carboplatin, Pemetrexed, Cisplatin
NCT05885815 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Application of Surface-enhanced Raman Scatting (SERS) Technology in Clinical Diagnosis and Prognosis of Lung Cancer Immunotherapy

TypeobservationalSponsorShanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, ChinaRan2023 to 2025Enrolled500ConditionsLung Cancer
NCT05965102 phase1unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

A Prospective, Single-arm, Single-center, Exploratory Clinical Study of Tirelizumab Combined With Chemotherapy in First-line Treatment of ECOG PS 2 Points in Relapsed/Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

TypeinterventionalSponsorSecond Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityRan2023 to 2025Enrolled31ConditionsNon-small Cell Lung CancerArmsTirelizumab；Chemotherapy monotherapy
NCT06518018 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Exploring the Efficacy and Safety of High-Dose Rate Brachytherapy Combined With Immunotherapy and Chemotherapy as a Second-Line Treatment in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center, Retrospective, Propensity Score-Matched Study

TypeobservationalSponsorThe First People's Hospital of NeijiangRan2023 to 2025Enrolled80ConditionsAdvanced Stage NSCLC, Second-line Treatment, Patients Without Targetable Driver MutationsArmsHDR brachytherapy (30Gy single fraction), Immunotherapy
NCT06579196 phase1 / phase2recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Evaluation of Trabedersen (OT-101) With Pembrolizumab in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Positive PD-L1

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of NebraskaRan2025 to 2029Enrolled45ConditionsNon-small Cell Lung CancerArmsTrabedersen, Pembrolizumab
NCT06865339 phase2recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

TRIPL: Thoracic Radiotherapy and Inhibition of PD-1 and LAG-3 for Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

TypeinterventionalSponsorMontefiore Medical CenterRan2025 to 2027Enrolled76ConditionsNSCLC, Locally AdvancedArmsCemiplimab, Fianlimab, Radiotherapy, Platinum Doublet Chemotherapy (PDC)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

730 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,050 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Rilvegostomig for Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A First-In-Human Phase I/II Clinical Study.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026
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670 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 16 institutions in 10 countries.

Martin ReckLung Clinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-5336-9739
Delvys Rodríguez-AbreuComplejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil de Gran Canaria, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-0506-1366
Andrew G RobinsonCancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario at Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-1152-4275
Rina HuiWestmead Hospital and the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Tibor CsősziJász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hospital, Szolnok, Hungary.
Andrea FülöpOrszágos Korányi Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest, Hungary.
Maya GottfriedMeir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel.
Nir PeledSoroka Cancer Center, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel.ORCID 0000-0003-3714-4377
Ali TafreshiWollongong Private Hospital and University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Sinead CuffeSt James's Hospital and Cancer Trials Ireland (formerly ICORG-All Ireland Cooperative Oncology Research Group), Dublin, Ireland.
Mary O'BrienThe Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK.
Suman RaoMedStar Franklin Square Hospital, Baltimore, MD.
Katsuyuki HottaOkayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-0112-0843
Ticiana A LealCarbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.ORCID 0000-0002-3735-9063
Jonathan W RiessUC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA.ORCID 0000-0001-7370-7304
Erin JensenMerck & Co, Inc, Kenilworth, NJ.
Bin ZhaoMerck & Co, Inc, Kenilworth, NJ.
M Catherine PietanzaMerck & Co, Inc, Kenilworth, NJ.
Julie R BrahmerSidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD.
Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (United States) · USBen-Gurion University of the Negev · ILCancer Trials Ireland · IEGerman Center for Lung Research · DEKingston General Hospital · CAMedStar Franklin Square Medical Center · USMeir Medical Center · ILOkayama University Hospital · JPOrszágos Korányi Tbc és Pulmonológiai Intézet · HURoyal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust · GBSidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center · USThe University of Sydney · AUUC Davis Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria · ESUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison · USUniversity of Wollongong · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeWe report the first 5-year follow-up of any first-line phase III immunotherapy trial for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). KEYNOTE-024 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02142738) is an open-label, randomized controlled trial of pembrolizumab compared with platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with previously untreated NSCLC with a programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score of at least 50% and no sensitizing

methodsEligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to pembrolizumab (200 mg once every 3 weeks for up to 35 cycles) or platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients in the chemotherapy group with progressive disease could cross over to pembrolizumab. The primary end point was progression-free survival; OS was a secondary end point.

resultsThree hundred five patients were randomly assigned: 154 to pembrolizumab and 151 to chemotherapy. Median (range) time from randomization to data cutoff (June 1, 2020) was 59.9 (55.1-68.4) months. Among patients initially assigned to chemotherapy, 99 received subsequent anti-PD-1 or PD-L1 therapy, representing a 66.0% effective crossover rate. Median OS was 26.3 months (95% CI, 18.3 to 40.4) for pembrolizumab and 13.4 months (9.4-18.3) for chemotherapy (hazard ratio, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.81). Kaplan-Meier estimates of the 5-year OS rate were 31.9% for the pembrolizumab group and 16.3% for the chemotherapy group. Thirty-nine patients received 35 cycles (ie, approximately 2 years) of pembrolizumab, 82.1% of whom were still alive at data cutoff (approximately 5 years). Toxicity did not increase with longer treatment exposure.

conclusionPembrolizumab provides a durable, clinically meaningful long-term OS benefit versus chemotherapy as first-line therapy for metastatic NSCLC with PD-L1 tumor proportion score of at least 50%.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungFemaleHumansLung NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm MetastasisTreatment OutcomeAntibodies, Monoclonal, Humanizedpembrolizumab

Identifiers

PMID33872070
PMCPMC8280089
OpenAlexW3154805493

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.