Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33871793›Full record

ArticleEndocrine2021

Growth hormone directly favors hepatic ketogenesis in persons with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with empagliflozin.

Aline Franco da Rocha, Paulo Sergio Pereira Junior, Gabriela Simonetti Calefi, Guilherme Figueiredo Marquezine, Helena Kaminami Morimoto, Tania Longo Mazzuco, Eliana Cotta de Faria, Mariana Ragassi Urbano, Alexandre Jose Faria Carrilho

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Article in Endocrine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Liver-specific actions of GH and IGF1 that protect against MASLD.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025 · on this map
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Aline Franco da RochaPost-graduation Program of Health Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil.
Paulo Sergio Pereira JuniorUndergraduate Physiotherapy Course, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil.
Gabriela Simonetti CalefiUndergraduate Medicine Course, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil.
Guilherme Figueiredo MarquezineDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil.
Helena Kaminami MorimotoDepartment of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil.
Tania Longo MazzucoDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil.
Eliana Cotta de FariaLipids Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Mariana Ragassi UrbanoDepartment of Statistics, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil.
Alexandre Jose Faria CarrilhoPost-graduation Program of Health Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil. acarrilho@uel.br.ORCID 0000-0001-8655-7659
Universidade Estadual de Londrina · BRUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) · BR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors increase glucagon secretion by pancreatic alpha cells and the susceptibility to ketoacidosis. On the other hand, growth hormone (GH) stimulates peripheral lipolysis and provides free fatty acids (FFA) for ketogenesis; however, it remains unresolved whether GH directly impacts hepatic ketogenesis. We aimed to investigate the role of physiologic GH levels in promoting ketogenesis in prediabetic or type 2 diabetic patients under empagliflozin treatment.

methodsSixteen patients (11 women, 5 men) with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 55.6 ± 4.7 years and with a mean BMI of 30.7 ± 4.8 kg/m

resultsThe empagliflozin treatment decreased the plasma concentrations of glucose by 14% (P < 0.01), FFA by 23% (P < 0.01), and the insulin/glucagon ratio by 26% (P < 0.01), and it increased β-hydroxybutyrate by 44% (P < 0.05). The GH receptor block by pegvisomant restored the plasma β-hydroxybutyrate to baseline levels.

conclusionsWe conclude that GH has a direct effect on promoting the ketogenesis environment in patients treated with empagliflozin.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Prediabetic StateBenzhydryl CompoundsFemaleGlucosidesGrowth HormoneHumansHypoglycemic AgentsMaleBenzhydryl CompoundsempagliflozinGlucosidesGrowth HormoneHypoglycemic AgentsEmpagliflozinGrowth hormoneKetogenesisPegvisomantSGLT2 inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID33871793
OpenAlexW3157007194

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.