Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33870627›Full record

ArticleMacromolecular bioscience2021

Eradication of Intracellular Salmonella Typhimurium by Polyplexes of Acid-Transforming Chitosan and Fragment DNA.

Julius A Edson, Weiping Chu, Steffen Porwollik, Kaycee Tran, Nathalie Iribe, Michael McClelland, Young Jik Kwon

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Macromolecular bioscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 42% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Julius A EdsonDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Weiping ChuDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Steffen PorwollikDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Kaycee TranDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Nathalie IribeDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Michael McClellandDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Young Jik Kwon132 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4086-6995
University of California, Irvine · US

Funding

Barcoding a Salmonella gene knockout libraryR03AI139557 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI MCCLELLAND, MICHAEL · 2019 to 2020
$157k
NIAID NIH HHS R03 AI139557
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antibiotics are highly successful against microbial infections. However, current challenges include rising antibiotic resistance rates and limited efficacy against intracellular pathogens. A novel form of a nanomaterial-based antimicrobial agent is investigated for efficient treatment of an intracellular Salmonella enterica sv Typhimurium infection. A known antimicrobial polysaccharide, chitosan, is engineered to be readily soluble under neutral aqueous conditions for systemic administration. The modified biologic, named acid-transforming chitosan (ATC), transforms into an insoluble, antimicrobial compound in the mildly acidic intracellular compartment. In cell culture experiments, ATC is confirmed to have antimicrobial activity against intracellular S. Typhimurium in a concentration- and pH-dependent manner, without affecting the host cells, RAW264.7 macrophages. For improved cellular uptake and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties, ATC is further complexed with fragment DNA (fDNA), to form nano-sized spherical polyplexes. The resulting ATC/fDNA polyplexes efficiently eradicated S. Typhimurium from RAW264.7 macrophages. ATC/fDNA polyplexes may bind with microbial wall and membrane components. Consistent with this expectation, transposon insertion sequencing of a complex random mutant S. Typhimurium library incubated with ATC does not reveal specific genomic target regions of the antimicrobial. This study demonstrates the utility of a molecularly engineered nanomaterial as an efficient and safe antimicrobial agent, particularly against an intracellular pathogen.

Indexed as

ChitosanSalmonella typhimuriumAnti-Bacterial AgentsDNAMacrophagesAnti-Bacterial AgentsChitosanDNAantibacterial treatmentsantimicrobial polymersnanoparticlesSalmonella Typhimurium infectionsstimuli-responsive transformations

Identifiers

PMID33870627
PMCPMC8295212
OpenAlexW3153417031

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.