ArticleHeliyon2021
Synthesis and characterization of coal fly ash and palm oil fuel ash modified artisanal and small-scale gold mine (ASGM) tailings based geopolymer using sugar mill lime sludge as Ca-based activator.
Article in Heliyon, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Study of Properties of Novel Geopolymers Prepared with Slate Stone Cutting Sludge and Activated with Olive Stone Bottom Ash.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Durability characteristics of geopolymer concrete produced using gold ore tailings along with recycled coarse aggregates.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Sustainable Aluminosilicate Coatings from Palm Oil Waste for Enhanced Thermal and Microstructure Properties.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Utilization of Copper Flotation Tailings in Geopolymer Materials Based on Zeolite and Fly Ash.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Alternative Solid Activators from Waste Glass for One-Part Alkali-Activated Fly Ash/Red Mud Cements.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Production and Incorporation of Calcium-Hydrolyzed Nanoparticles in Alkali-Activated Mine Tailings.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Conventional and recent advances in gravity separation technologies for coal cleaning: A systematic and critical review.Heliyon · 2023Review
- Effect of bismuth oxide nanoparticle on the electromagnetic interference shielding and thermal stability of industrial waste based-geopolymer composites.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Harmless Treatment of High Arsenic Tin Tailings and Environmental Durability Assessment.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The continuous accumulation of artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) tailings in the Philippines without adequate storage and disposal facility could lead to human health and environmental disasters in the long run. In this study, ASGM tailings was simultaneously stabilized and repurposed as construction material via geopolymerization using coal fly ash, palm oil fuel ash and a powder-based alkali activator. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) identified iron sulfides in the tailings containing arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn), which could be released via weathering. The average unconfined compressive strengths (UCS) of tailings-based geopolymers at 14 days curing were 7.58 MPa and 7.7 MPa with fly ash and palm oil fuel ash, respectively. The tailings-based geopolymers with palm oil fuel ash had higher UCS most likely due to CASH reaction product formation that improved strength formation. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) results showed very low leachabilities of As, Pb and Fe in the geopolymer materials suggesting ASGM tailings was effectively encapsulated within the geopolymer matrix. Overall, the geopolymerization of ASGM tailings is a viable and promising solution to simultaneously stabilize mining and industrial wastes and repurpose them into construction materials.
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