ArticleFrontiers in oncology2021
Serum Levels of Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Predict Tumor Response and Outcome to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plasmin promotes hepatocellular carcinoma invasion and metastasis via CXCR4-mediated activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.Oncogene · 2026Article
- uPAR-directed immunotherapies in solid tumors: current advances and future perspectives.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Predicts Survival and Hepatic Decompensation in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Article
- Positive association between serum lactate dehydrogenase levels and blood pressure: evidence from NHANES 2015-2016.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Soluble and EV-bound CD27 act as antagonistic biomarkers in patients with solid tumors undergoing immunotherapy.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Article
- Soluble immune checkpoint molecules in cancer risk, outcomes prediction, and therapeutic applications.Biomarker research · 2024Review
- Assessment of clinical utility and predictive potential of pre-chemotherapy soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor: Observational single center study.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2023Observational
- Serum lactate dehydrogenase is associated with impaired lung function: NHANES 2011-2012.PloS one · 2023Article
- Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) as a Biomarker of Systemic Chronic Inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Telomere Shortening in Peripheral Leukocytes Is Associated With Poor Survival in Cancer Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have led to a paradigm shift in cancer therapy, improving outcomes in the treatment of various malignancies. However, not all patients benefit to the same extend from ICI. Reliable tools to predict treatment response and outcome are missing. Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a marker of immune activation, whose levels are prognostic in various cancers. We evaluated circulating suPAR levels as a novel predictive and prognostic biomarker in patients receiving ICI therapy for solid tumors.
methodsA total of n = 87 patients receiving ICI therapy for different solid malignancies as well as 32 healthy controls were included into this study. Serum levels of suPAR were measured by ELISA prior to and sequentially at two time points during ICI therapy.
resultsBaseline suPAR serum levels were significantly higher in solid tumor patients compared to healthy controls. Importantly, patients with low suPAR levels both before or during ICI treatment were more likely to have a favorable response to treatment at three and six months, respectively. This finding was confirmed by multivariate binary logistic regression analysis including several clinicopathological parameters. Moreover, circulating suPAR levels before and during therapy were an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS). As such, patients with initial suPAR levels above our ideal prognostic cut-off value (4.86 ng/ml) had a median OS of only 160 days compared to 705 days for patients with suPAR levels below this cut-off value. Finally, low baseline suPAR levels identified a subgroup of patients who experienced ICI-related side effects which in turn were associated with favorable treatment response and outcome.
conclusionOur data suggest that measurements of suPAR serum levels are a previously unknown, easily accessible tool to predict individual treatment response and outcome to ICI therapy. Circulating suPAR might therefore be implemented into stratification algorithms to identify the ideal candidates for ICI treatment.
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